中国泰和鸡种质资源开发史

泰和鸡是我国著名的观赏及药用鸡种,是著名中成药“乌鸡白凤丸”的主要配方用料之一。本文根据实地考察和大量历史资料的分析研究,论述了泰和鸡品种的开发历史及其选育过程。指出泰和鸡在我国已有1300多年的饲养及药用历史。在距今400多年前,泰和鸡始由雏型到品种的初步形成,由血缘紊乱,遗传性状极不稳定至遗传性伏的相对统一,大体约经过了240年的自然选择与人工选择,而品种特征的相对固定,又经过了200多年的选育过程。这是我国劳动人民辛勤培育的结果。本文为进一步合理利用泰和鸡种质资源和发挥我国特有种质资源的生产潜力特提供一些科学依据,这对泰和鸡的深入研究将具有一定的参考价值。

THE EXPLOITATION HISTORY OF THE TAIHE CHICKEN GERMPLASM RESOURCE OF CHINA

Taihe chicken is a famous chicken breed which is used for watch and enjoyment in China. It also is used in the medicine, for it is the main ingre dient of the famous Chines medicine "Black-Chicken-White-Phoenix Pills". According to our field survey and a large amount of documents, this paper has discussed the exploitation history and selection process of Taihe chicken. It points out that the history of this chicken's raising and using in medicine has more than 1300 years. The formation of the Taihe chicken can be divided into two periods. The first period is about 240 years long, being from more than 400 years ago to 200 years ago. This chicken was changed from the embryonic form to the appearence of the special breed and from chaotic blood relationship and unstable heredity character to relatively uniform heredity. The second period is from 200 years ago to now. This chicken's heredity character was stabilized and improved. Of course this breed is the result of natural selection and artificial breeding. This paper provides references for further rational exploitation of the Taihe chicken germplasm resource, improving production and further research on Taihe chicken.