陕北红碱淖湖泊变化和生态需水初步研究

红碱淖位于陕北风沙区,是我国沙漠中最大的淡水湖,对当地生态环境保护具有重要作用。论文通过对陕北红碱淖湖泊的考察和调研,调查分析了湖泊近年来的变化趋势和流域的生态环境现状。在流域水资源开发利用分析和耗水计算基础上,初步定量评价了湖泊变化的主要影响因素。计算结果表明,红碱淖近年的萎缩主要是由于当地气候持续干旱的影响,目前该湖泊仍处于负均衡状态。根据湖泊对于当地生态环境的重要性,确定了湖泊保护的最小目标和适宜目标,根据水量平衡计算,确定了最小和适宜的生态需水量。通过对流域社会经济用水和生态建设用水研究,提出了湖泊保护的对策建议。

Preliminary study of Hongjiannao Lake's variation and ecological water demand

The Hongjiannao Lake is an important wetland in northern Shaanxi.A field survey was conducted in2002to investigate the Lake including its formation,recent change,ecological im plications and impacts of human activities.Based on data and remote sensing information col-lected,water consumption was calculated to estimate water budget of the Lake and explore the rea sons causing lake shrinkage in recent years.The result shows that the Lake has shrunk by over30%in the last ten years and continuous drought in the interior watersheds is the main driv ing factor.According to the importance of the wetland in the local fishery and ecological pro-tection,the minimal and appropriate ecological water demand was estimated and related counter-measures were suggested to facilitate the wetland preservation.