新旧标准在化纤企业噪声作业人员听力损伤诊断中的应用比较

目的分别用两种诊断标准比较某化纤企业噪声作业人员听力损伤的特点，为控制和预防职业性噪声损伤提供依据。方法对某化纤企业8个生产中心200个噪声作业点进行现场检测，并对1996名噪声作业人员进行职业性体检，分析其噪声强度、工龄与听力损伤的关系。结果噪声作业人员按其接触噪声的类型分为8个不同工种，噪声范围为74～99dB（A）。听力损伤以长丝加弹最严重，其次为长丝卷绕岗位，以PTA氧化精制岗位最轻；按照GBZ49—2002，不同岗位听力观察对象检出率存在差异，听力损伤程度随着接噪工龄的增加而加重，但依据GBZ49—2007未能见到明显趋势。结论化纤企业存在职业性噪声危害，其中以长丝加弹、长丝卷绕岗位最为严重，按照GBZ49—2002，不同岗位听力观察对象检出率存在差异，听力损伤程度随着接噪工龄的增加而加重。

Comparison New Standards with Old Ones in Application of Workers' Hearing Loss Diagnosis in Fiber Enterprises

Object： Using two diagnosis standards to compare workers＇ hearing loss characteristics. It offers data to control and prevent occupational hearing loss. Methods： Testing 200 noise operation places onsite in 8 production centers in one fiber enterprise, and carrying out occupational health check for 1,996 noise operation workers. It analyzes the relationship of their noise intensity, work age and hearing loss. Results： Noise operation workers can be divided into 8 kinds of post according to their exposing noise. The noise scope is 74 - 99 dB （A）. Conclusion： There is occupational noise damage in the fiber enterprise. According to GBZ47-2002, detection rate is different with different post. The hearing loss degree is proportional to the work ages.