现代环境监测研究中的一种新示踪指示剂(SO_4)

拥有一种理想的示踪剂是研究地球化学过程必不可少的手段,尤其是在现代环境监测研究中,如洞穴滴水对大气降水的响应时间以及地表环境的监测。而在目前的研究中,通常使用的示踪剂(天然的和人造的)有其优点的同时,都不可避免地存在许多不足,因此需要根据具体情况选择最佳示踪剂。本文通过分析荔波5个不同地上植被生物量大小的样地土壤水硫酸根离子(SO4)浓度,以及贵州4个洞穴系统中土壤水和滴水等的SO4,分别从理论和试验检验两方面对其作为一种可能的新示踪指示剂进行论述。结果首次表明,其具有其他示踪剂不具备的一些优点,在一定条件下完全可作为一种示踪剂示踪指示某一区域地表植被生物量的大小以及滴水对大气降水的响应时间。最后通过实测数据(5个样地的地上生物量和土壤水SO4离子浓度,以及滴水的SO4离子浓度和NaCl示踪所得的滴水对大气降水响应时间)的Freundlich拟合,分别得到了研究区的经验公式:SO4]=3.34ln(b)+5.20和SO4]=-9.17ln(t)+31.61。

A New Tracer （SO4） in Modern Environmental Monitoring Study

It is an essential means of studying geochemical processes to use an ideal tracer,especially in the modern environmental monitoring studies,such as the response time of cave drip on precipitation,and environmental monitoring on the surface.However,in the present study,those tracers used widely(natural and man-made) have their advantages.At the same time,they also have inevitably many deficiencies.Therefore,it must be based on the specific needs when we choose an ideal tracer.Here,five sites were chosen to study soil water in Libo,Guizhou,where there are different biomasses in different sites.On the other hand,four caves also were chosen to monitor drip water,etc.in Guizhou.SO4 concentrations were measured in all water samples.Feasibility of SO4 as a new tracer was discussed from both theoretical test and experimental test,respectively.Results have shown for the first time that the SO4 as a tracer has some advantages that other tracers do not have.Under certain conditions,it can be used to trace or indicate the vegetation biomass in a region,and the response time of drip water on precipitation.Finally,on the basis of the measured data including the above-ground biomasses and SO4 concentrations of soil water from five sites,and the SO4 concentrations of drip water and response time of drip water on precipitations(using NaCl) from four caves,two empirical formulae were fitted(Freundlich) in the study areas,respectively: = 3.34ln(b) + 5.20 and =-9.17ln(t) + 31.61.