基于最小数据集的成都平原某区土壤养分综合评价体系的构建

成都平原是我国重要的粮食、蔬菜、水果产地,进行土壤养分综合评价有利于了解区域土壤养分空间分布、丰缺程度,对区内土地的合理利用、养分变化监测具有重要作用。为此,本文基于土壤地球化学数据,通过相关分析、主成分分析、Norm值计算,构建了研究区土壤养分综合评价的最小数据集(MDS),并对比了国内16个MDS土壤养分评价体系。结果表明:研究区土壤pH均值为6.44,有机质、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾达到丰富的样品占比分别为10.67%、40.19%、47.59%、41.89%。研究区土壤养分综合评价的MDS为有机质、全磷、Zn、Co,能够较好反映全数据集对土壤养分综合评价的信息。通过MDS土壤养分评价,研究区土壤养分综合评价指数得分均值为0.578 3,低于0.3的区域面积占比为2.25%,得分高于0.6的区域面积占比为40.49%,土壤肥力较好。在土壤养分评价体系中,有机质和磷(全磷或有效磷)是MDS的重要指标。

Construction of Soil Nutrient Comprehensive Evaluation System Based on Minimum Data Set in Chengdu Plain

Chengdu Plain is an important area for grain, vegetable and fruit production in China. The comprehensive evaluation of soil nutrients plays an important role in understanding the spatial distribution, abundance and deficiency degree of soil nutrients. On the premise of soil quality geochemical investigation, the minimum data set (MDS) for comprehensive evaluation of soil nutrients was constructed based on correlation analysis, principal component analysis and Norm value calculation, and compares with 16 cases in China correlated to MDS. The results revealed that the average pH value of soil was 6.44, and the percentage of sample rich in organic matter, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium were 10.67%, 40.19%, 47.59%, and 41.89%, respectively. MDS indexes for comprehensive evaluation of soil nutrients in the study area are organic matter, total phosphorus, Zn, and Co, which can substantially reflect the soil nutrients level from the total data set (TDS). The results of MDS soil soil evaluation showed that the average score was 0.578 3, and the areas with indexes ower than 0.3 was 2.25% of land occupation, and areas with scores higher than 0.6 was 40.49% of land occupation. The soil fertility level is pretty good. In soil quality evaluation, organic matter and phosphorus (total phosphorus or available phosphorus) are important nutrient indexes for MDS.