基于GIS的贵州省茶园生态适宜性研究

通过利用GIS技术,在土地利用现状以及喀斯特空间分布的基础上初步划分茶叶种植适宜地和不适宜地。选择对茶叶生长密切相关的地形地貌(海拔、坡度、坡向)、气候条件(光、热、降水条件及空气相对湿度)及土壤条件(土壤pH值)等8个生态评价因子,通过专家打分确定各因子权重,应用GIS空间叠加分析模块实现贵州茶园生态适宜性评价。结果表明:贵州省适宜茶叶种植的面积为32417.00km2,占国土面积的18.40%,其中非常适宜种植茶叶的区域面积为10618.00km2,占国土面积的6.03%;适宜种植茶叶的区域面积为11554.00km2,占国土面积的6.56%;比较适宜种植茶叶的区域面积为10245.00km2,占国土面积的5.81%;不适宜种植茶叶的区域面积为143735.45km2,占国土面积的81.60%。以上评价结果将为贵州茶产业的大力发展提供科学依据和技术基础。

Study on Eeological Suitability of Green Tea Garden in Guizhou Province

This paper compartmentalizes the suitable and unsuitable areas of tea planting based on landuse and karst area by using GIS(Geographic Information System) technology.We chose 8 ecological evaluation factors: landform(elevation,slope,aspect),climate conditions(illumination,quantity of heat,precipitation and air humidity) and soil conditions(the pH of soil),and then the weight of every factor was worked out through expert evaluation.Finally,we obtained ecological evaluation outcome by spatial analysis of GIS: the suitable area of tea planting is 32417.00 km2,accounting for 18.40% of the land area in Guizhou Province;the very suitable area is 10618.00 km2,accounting for 6.03% of the land area;the suitable area is 11554.00 km2,accounting for 6.56% of the land area;the basically suitable area is 10245.00 km2,accounting for 5.81% of the land area;and the unsuitable area is 143735.45 km2,accounting for 81.60% of the land area.The evaluation outcomes provide the scientific basis and technologic foundation making for green tea industry development.