基于土地利用视角下的施秉云台山地区生态健康诊断

以施秉云台山地区为研究对象,以1973、1993、1999、2010年四期TM、ALOS遥感影像为基础数据,提取研究区土地利用信息,在此基础上,根据基于压力-状态-响应模型(PSR模型)构建土地生态健康评价指标体系,建立具有地域特色的土地生态健康综合评价模型,利用熵权法确定指标权重,运用多级模糊综合评判模型计算研究区土地生态健康综合指数,并初步分析施秉云台山地区土地生态健康的影响因素。结果表明:(1)1973~2010年耕地、草地面积呈减少的变化趋势,灌木林地面积呈增加的变化趋势,无植被覆盖地面积先增加后减少(1973~1993增加,1993~2010年减少),水域面积波动剧烈,变化趋势不明显;(2)研究时段研究区土地生态健康状况并不佳,土地生态健康综合指数得分不高,且呈先增大再减小的变化趋势,土地生态健康等级位于亚健康与病态之间。该研究以期为施秉云台山地区生态保护提供依据。

Ecological Health Diagnostic of Yuntai Mountain Area,Shibing County, Guizhou Province, China Based on the View of Land Use

In this paper, Yuntai Mountain Area, in Shibing County, Guizhou Province, China was taken as the research object, based on TM and Alos remote sensing image of 1973,1993,1999 and 2010 year,information of land use was extracted, ecological health of the study area was evaluated according to PSR model, and a model of land ecological health was built with regional characteristics and indexes tested by entropy method. The land ecological health was evaluated by calculating comprehensive index based on multistage fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model. The results show that (1) from 1973 to 2010, the cultivated area and grassland area had decreased, but bush forest had increased. The non-vegetation area had firstly increased and then decreased (increasing from 1973 to 1993 but decreasing from 1993 to 2010). The water area had fluctuated remarkably but had not remarkable changed. (2) Land ecological health status of the study area is unsatisfactory.The score of land ecological health comprehensive index is not high, and it had firstly increased and then decreased. The grade of land ecological health is between sub-health and morbid.