城市生活垃圾填埋场释放汞的形态初步研究

大气的人为汞释放源研究已经较为广泛,但国内外对垃圾填埋场这一潜在的大气汞释放源还没有重视,尤其是垃圾填埋场释放汞的形态研究较为缺乏。2003年11月下旬,对贵阳市一新建的生活垃圾填埋场排放气体中的总汞(TGM)、单甲基汞(MMHg)、二甲基汞(DMHg)进行了初步的研究。结果显示填埋半年、填埋一年与填埋两年的垃圾填埋场排气筒气体中总汞浓度分别为665.52±291.25ng/m3(n=305)、25.6±3.2ng/m3(n=13)、14.5±1.8ng/m3(n=28);填埋半年与填埋两年的垃圾填埋场排气筒气体中单甲基汞浓度分别为2.06±1.82ng/m3(n=11)、0.18±0.06ng/m3(n=2),二甲基汞浓度为9.45±5.18ng/m3(n=12)。这一结果初步说明垃圾填埋场不仅是大气总汞的释放源类型之一,也是大气中毒性更强的单甲基汞与二甲基汞的释放源之一。

PRIMARY STUDY OF MERCURY SPECIES IN GAS FROM URBAN DOMESTIC GARBAGE DISPOSAL SITE

Many types of anthropogenic mercury sources emitted to the atmospheric environment have been widely investigated, however, large uncertainties are still unknown with respect to the potential of certain sources like landfill, especially with mercury species released from garbage disposal site. In this study, we worked out a measurement programme for the concentrations of gaseous mercury species emitted from the vents of an urban waste disposal site in Guizhou Province, China, from Nov. 20 to 29, 2003. The average concentrations of TGM in 6-month vent gas, 12-month vent gas and 24-month vent gas, are 665.52±291.25 ng/m~3 ( n =305), 25.6±3.2 ng /m~3 ( n =13), 14.5±1.8 ng/m~3( n =28), respectively. The average concentrations of MMHg in 6-month vent gas and 24-month vent gas are 2.06±1.82ng/m~3( n =11) and 0.18±0. 06 ng/m~3( n =2), respectively. The average concentrations of DMHg in vent gas are 9.45±5.18 ng/m~3( n =12). The primary results indicated that the disposal site is not only a type of TGM source to the atmospheric environment, but also a type of toxic MMHg and DMHg sources to the atmospheric environment.