碳黑大气颗粒物的环境效应

碳黑颗粒物来自高温燃烧过程,它对可见光辐射具有最大能力的吸收作用。新近研究结果证实,碳黑大气颗粒物具有温室效应的作用,是引起地球气候变暖的重要角色。这种作用可以通过碳黑颗粒物对地球辐射平衡的直接效应和间接效应得以实现。以往人们对碳黑颗粒物这种作用的估计偏低。人们在未来减低大气温室效应的战略中,大气污染削减物质应将碳黑颗粒物包括在内。碳黑颗粒物还具有抑制对流层中臭氧形成、干扰局部地区水文循环和降低能见度的其他环境效应。

ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS OF PARTICULATE MATTER OF BLACK CARBON

Particulate matter of black carbon originated from burning process at high temperature and it possesses the most capacity of absorbing luminous radiation in the visible domain.Current scientific results show that particulate matter of black carbon can induce atmospheric warming effect by its direct and indirect effects on Earth’s radiative balance.Particulate matter of black carbon plays an important role in global warming and this atmospheric warming effect is now considered stronger than what was previously thought.Considering atmospheric warming effect of black carbon,it is especially important that the strategy of reduction of future atmospheric pollutant emissions should give more importance to black carbon,if we want to avoid the environmental risk that can lead to a warming climate.Particulate matter of black carbon is involved also in other different environmental problems,such as reduction of tropospheric ozone formation,hydrology cycle disruption and visibility impairment.