不同等级石漠化综合治理的植被恢复过程特征——以贵州省花江峡谷为例

通过对石漠化综合治理过程中植被群落结构特征的连续观测,对影响植被结构变化的主要因素以及植被结构随治理时间变化的规律进行了研究。同一等级石漠化中植被盖度、生物量、生物多样性随综合治理年限增加,其结构得到改善和提高,其中植被盖度、生物量增长幅度为50%~360%。受人为扰动及石漠化等级程度的双重影响,植被结构具有异质性,即人为干扰程度加强,生物多样性降低;随着石漠化等级程度的提高,植被盖度、生物量降低;而生物多样性却随着石漠化等级程度的提高而提高,这种反常现象归根于治理初期生态系统的紊乱。在综合治理过程中,应针对人为扰动方式、程度及石漠化等级程度采取相应措施。

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PROCESS OF VEGETATION RESTORATION UNDER DIFFERENT ROCKY DESERTIFICATION DEGREES BY COMPREHENSIVE TREATMENT-A CASE STUDY OF THE HUAJIANG GORGE AREA,GUIZHOU PROVINCE

In the progress of varying-degree rocky desertification by comprehensive treatment, it is revealed that the primary factors that affect the structure and variation of vegetation and the rules of variation of structure of vegetation with the time of comprehensive treatment. Vegetation coverage, biomass and biodiversity will be improved with the time duration of treatment in the same degree of rocky desertification. And vegetation coverage and biomass increase by 50% -360%. The structure of vegetation shows some difference due to artificial disturbance and varying-degree rocky desertification, i. e. , biodiversity decreases with strengthening disturbance; vegetation coverage and biomass tend to decrease with intensifying rocky desertification; biodiversity is improved with intensifying rocky desertification. Such an abnormal phenomenon is attributed to ecosystem turbulence in the early treatment progress. In the progress of comprehensive treatment, we should take effective countermeasures in accordance with the mode and degree of disturbance and the degree of rocky desertification.