江西德兴矿集区土壤重金属污染分析

矿山开发必然对矿区及周边地区的环境造成污染。文章以江西德兴铜多金属矿山及矿集区为研究区,开展区域土壤的重金属污染研究。在德兴地区4 800 km2的范围内,系统采集土壤样品919个。同时,采用X荧光光谱法、等离子原子发射光谱法等现代测试技术,分析了土壤中重金属(As、Hg、Cd、Cr、Zn、Cu、Pb)的含量。样品中重金属As、Hg、Cd、Cr、Zn、Cu和Pb的含量变化范围分别为1.790~899,0.034~4.980,0.043~8.330,10~666,25~18 500,6~1 825,16~1 312 mg/kg。通过对样品的重金属元素含量统计分析和绘制等值线图,发现该区域土壤中存在不同程度的As、Hg、Cd、Zn、Cu和Pb重金属污染。污染区域主要分布在德兴铜钼和铅锌矿区、乐安河下游乐平附近的煤矿区、西北部的煤矿区以及南部的电化学厂附近。

HEAVY METALS CONTAMINATION OF SOILS OF IN DEXING MINE,JIANGXI PROVINCE,CHINA

The environment of mines and neighborhood areas is bounded to be polluted due to ore exploration.In order to assess the extent of heavy metals contamination resulting from past mining activities in the Dexing region,919 soil samples within the scope of 4 800 km2 were collected and analyzed for As,Hg,Cd,Cr,Zn, Cu and Pb in 2004.Heavy metal levels were determined by inductively couple plasma-atomic emission spectrometry and X-ray fluorescence spectrometry.The heavy metal contents of soil samples lie between 1.790～899 mg/kg for As,0.034～4.980 mg/kg for Hg,0.043～8.330 mg/kg for Cd,10～666 mg/kg for Cr,25～18 500 mg/kg for Zn,6～1 825 mg/kg for Cu,and 16～1 312 mg/kg for Pb,respectively.Based on the statistics analysis and contour mapping of heavy metal contents,the results indicated that there were different extents of contamination of As,Hg,Cd,Zn,Cu and Pb,especially in the Dexing mines and coal mines along the lower reaches of the Le'an River,coal mines in the northwest and the areas around the battery factory.