磷石膏改良基质中As和F在蔬菜内富集和迁移特征

为了查明改良磷石膏是否可作为农作物耕种地,选取白菜、菠菜、叶用芥菜和上海青种植在改良磷石膏基质上,分析了As和F在四种蔬菜中的富集及迁移特征。结果表明:As和F在蔬菜中的含量范围分别为0.27～1.56mg/kg、79.14～265.65mg/kg,均超过《农产品安全质量无公害蔬菜安全要求》。As和F在蔬菜中的富集系数分别为0.07～0.25、0.23～0.44。叶用芥菜和白菜地下部位中As和F迁移显著,而上海青和白菜地上部位中As和F迁移显著。总体而言,As在蔬菜中迁移规律表现为地下部位>地上部位,F在蔬菜中迁移规律表现为地上部位>地下部位。改良后的磷石膏不适宜于种植蔬菜。

The Characteristics of Enrichment and Migration of Arsenic and Fluorine in Vegetables Planted in Improved Phosphogypsum Matrix

To find out whether the improved phosphogypsum matrix can be used as farmland or not,Chinese cabbage,Brassicanensis,Brassica juncea Cosson and spinach are chosen to be planted in the improved phosphogypsum matrix.The characteristics of enrichment and migration of arsenic and fluorine in four vegetables are analyzed.The results show that the contents of arsenic and fluorine in vegetables are 0.27～1.56 mg/kg and 79.14～265.65 mg/kg,respectively.Both of arsenic and fluorine can not meet safety qualification for agricultural product-safety requirements for non-environmental pollution vegetable.The enrichment coefficients of arsenic and fluorine which are 0.07～0.25 and 0.23～0.44 respectively show stronger enrichment ability.The migration of arsenic and fluorine in the underground parts of Brassica juncea Cosson and Chinese cabbage are remarkable,however,those of aboveground parts of Brassicachinensis and Chinese cabbage are remarkable.As a whole,the migration of arsenic in vegetables shows as underground parts>aboveground parts,and that of fluorine in vegetables shows as aboveground parts>underground parts.So,the improved phosphogypsum matrix can't be used as farmland to plant vegetables.