青海湖西北部泉吉乡附近土壤入渗规律研究

通过对青海湖 地区刚察县泉吉乡草地土壤入渗实验、孔隙度测定与粒度测定，研究了高 草地土壤与低草地土壤的入渗特征和土壤蓄水性。结果表明，研究区域内高草地土壤的稳定入渗 率较大，平均为3.1 mm·min^-1；低草地土壤的稳定入渗率较小，平均为1.6 mm·min^-1；高草地达 到稳定入渗的时间较低草地短80 min 左右。通用经验公式对青海湖泉吉乡高草地土壤入渗实验 数据的拟合最为适合，而霍顿公式对于低草地土壤入渗实验数据拟合最为适合。高草地草本植物 根系发育深，受根系影响的土壤疏松层较低草地深厚是造成高草地土壤渗透性较低草地大的主要 原因。青海湖土壤粒度成分较粗，土层薄是该区土壤稳定入渗率较黄土大和在较短时间内能够达 到稳定入渗状态的主要原因。虽然青海湖地区土壤渗透性较强，但该区土壤厚度较小，土壤水库 蓄水能力有限，调蓄能力较差，不能满足乔森林发育的需要，但基本能够满足草原植被生长的需要。

The soil infiltration research of the Quanji township in the northwest Qinghai Lake area

By the infi ltration experiments, porosity determination and grain size analysis on grassland soils of the Quanji town in Gangcha county of Qinghai lake area, we studied the characteristics of low and high grass lands particle size and soil water infi ltration. The result shows, that the steady soil infi ltration of high grassland is larger than the low grassland, the average steady soil infi ltration rate is 3.1 mm·min^-1 and is 1.6 mm·min^-1 respectively; Steady infi ltration of high grassland is about 80 minutes smaller than the low grassland. General empirical formula is more suitable for fi tting the experimental data of high grass soil infi ltration of the Quanji township of Qinghai lake area, and Horton formula is more appropriate for the low grass soil infi ltration. The high grassland possess deeper loose soil layers than low grassland because of deep root development of high grassland plants, and it is the main reason that the soil infi ltration of high grassland is larger than the low grassland. Coarse grain size composition in soil and thin soil layer is the main reason why the steady soil infi ltration of that place is higher than the loessal soil and how to reach a steady state infi ltration in a short time .Although the permeability of soil of Qinghai Lake area is higher, but the soil layer is not enough thick, the soil water storage capacity is limited, poor storage capacity can not meet the need for arbor forest development and afforestation, Can basically meet the needs of grassland vegetation growth.