再生水灌溉对土壤化学性质及可培养微生物的影响

通过室内土柱模拟实验,探讨再生水灌溉对土壤化学性质和可培养微生物的影响,从而为再生水回用评价提供数据支持.结果表明,在土壤化学性质方面,再生水灌溉可显著提高土壤有机质(OM)和全氮(TN)含量,而对土壤总磷(TP)、速效磷(AP)和pH值无显著影响.在微生物数量方面,再生水灌溉可显著提高表层0~20 cm细菌和放线菌数量,而对20~40 cm和40~60 cm土层三大微生物类群数量影响较小.在微生物种类方面,不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)是再生水灌区的优势菌属,芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)是自来水灌区的优势菌属;自来水灌区特有种属4个,再生水灌区特有种属6个;再生水灌溉对表层0~20cm土壤微生物群落Shannon多样性无影响,使土壤微生物群落Pielou均匀度降低,可提高土壤微生物群落Margalef丰富度.通过SPSS 17.0对土壤微生物数量和土壤化学性质进行相关性分析表明,土壤微生物数量与OM、TN、TP和AP含量呈正相关,与土壤pH值、含水量(SWC)呈负相关;通过CANOCO 4.5对土壤微生物种类与土壤化学性质进行DCA去趋势分析和RDA冗余分析表明,AP含量与微生物群落相关性最强(P=0.002),TP和TN对链球菌属(Streptococcus)、气球菌属(Aerococcus)和奈瑟氏球菌属(Neisseria)的影响较大,OM和AP对气单胞菌属(Aeromonas)、动性球菌属(Planococcus)和盐杆菌属(Halobacterium)影响较大.

Impact of Reclaimed Water Irrigation on Soil Chemical Properties and Culturable Microorganisms

This research used batch soil column experiment to study the effects of irrigating with reclaimed water and tap water on the soil chemical properties and culturable microorganisms. The results indicated that reclaimed water could markedly increase the soil organic material (OM) and total nitrogen (TN) content, but it had no obvious effect on total phosphorus (TP), available phosphorus (AP) and pH value. Reclaimed water irrigation could significantly enhance the amounts of surface soil bacteria and actinomycetes at a depth of 0-20 cm, but it had little effect on the biomass of 20-40 cm and 40-60 cm soil layers. The dominant bacteria in tap water irrigation area was the genus Bacillus whereas that of reclaimed water irrigation area was the genus Acinetobacter. Tap water irrigation area had four endemic genera and reclaimed water irrigation area had six endemic genera. Reclaimed water had no obvious effect on the microbial community Shannon diversity of 0-20 cm soil layer, while it decreased Pielou evenness index, and improved Margalef richness index. Through SPSS 17.0 correlation analysis between soil microbes quantity and soil chemical properties, it was shown that the soil microbes quantity was positively correlated with OM, TN, TP and AP, but negatively correlated with soil water content (SWC) and pH value. Based on CANOCO 4.5 detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) and redundancy analysis (RDA) between soil microbes species and soil chemical properties, it was shown that AP had the strongest correlation with the microbial community (P=0.002). TN and TP had larger impact on Streptococcus, Aeromonas and Neisseria. OM and AP had larger impact on Aerococcus, Planococcus and Halobacterium.