| 短期保护性耕作措施对大豆-冬小麦轮作系统温室气体排放的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 谢燕,陈曦,胡正华,陈书涛,张寒,凌慧,申双和.短期保护性耕作措施对大豆-冬小麦轮作系统温室气体排放的影响[J].环境科学,2016,37(4):1499-1506. |
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| 作者姓名： | 谢燕 陈曦 胡正华 陈书涛 张寒 凌慧 申双和 |
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| 作者单位： | 南京信息工程大学气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心, 南京 210044;南京信息工程大学应用气象学院, 南京 210044;南京信息工程大学应用气象学院, 南京 210044;南京信息工程大学气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心, 南京 210044;南京信息工程大学应用气象学院, 南京 210044;南京信息工程大学江苏省农业气象重点实验室, 南京 210044;南京信息工程大学应用气象学院, 南京 210044;南京信息工程大学江苏省农业气象重点实验室, 南京 210044;南京信息工程大学应用气象学院, 南京 210044;南京信息工程大学应用气象学院, 南京 210044;南京信息工程大学气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心, 南京 210044;南京信息工程大学江苏省农业气象重点实验室, 南京 210044 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(41175136, 41375006); 江苏省大学生实践创新计划项目(201510300014); 江苏省高校"青蓝工程"项目(2014); 江苏省"六大人才高峰"项目(2014-NY-015) |
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| 摘 要： | 通过田间试验,在大豆和冬小麦生长季,进行常规翻耕(conventional tillage,T)、免耕(no-tillage with no straw cover,NT)、常规翻耕+秸秆(conventional tillage with straw cover,TS)、免耕+秸秆(no-till with straw cover,NTS)4种耕作措施处理,采用静态箱-气相色谱法测定土壤-作物系统CO_2和N_2O排放通量.结果表明:在大豆生长季,与T相比,NTS在开花-结荚期显著增加了CO_2累积排放量(P=0.045),增幅达27.9%;NT在鼓粒-成熟期显著降低了CO_2累积排放量(P=0.043),降幅达28.9%.与T相比,NT在鼓粒-成熟期的N_2O累积排放量降低了28.3%(P=0.042).在冬小麦生长季,与T相比,TS、NT在拔节-孕穗期使CO_2累积排放量降低了24.3%(P=0.032)和36.0%(P=0.041),在成熟期降低了26.8%(P=0.027)和33.1%(P=0.038).在返青期,NT、NTS、TS的N_2O累积排放量与T比较均没有明显差异,NTS比NT的N_2O累积排放量降低了42.0%(P=0.035).可见,保护性耕作措施对土壤-作物系统CO2排放的影响较大,对N2O排放的影响不明显.
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| 关 键 词： | 保护性耕作 土壤-作物系统 温室气体 CO2 N2O |
| 收稿时间： | 8/7/2015 12:00:00 AM |
| 修稿时间： | 2015/12/7 0:00:00 |
Effects of Short-time Conservation Tillage Managements on Greenhouse Gases Emissions from Soybean-Winter Wheat Rotation System |
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| XIE Yan,CHEN Xi,HU Zheng-hu,CHEN Shu-tao,ZHANG Han,LING Hui and SHEN Shuang-he.Effects of Short-time Conservation Tillage Managements on Greenhouse Gases Emissions from Soybean-Winter Wheat Rotation System[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Science,2016,37(4):1499-1506. |
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| Authors: | XIE Yan CHEN Xi HU Zheng-hu CHEN Shu-tao ZHANG Han LING Hui and SHEN Shuang-he |
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| Institution: | Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast Meteorological Disaster Warning and Assessment, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;College of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;College of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast Meteorological Disaster Warning and Assessment, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;College of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;College of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;College of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;College of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast Meteorological Disaster Warning and Assessment, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China |
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| Abstract: | Field experiments including one soybean growing season and one winter-wheat growing season were adopted. The experimental field was divided into four equal-area sub-blocks which differed from each other only in tillage managements, which were conventional tillage (T), no-tillage with no straw cover (NT), conventional tillage with straw cover (TS), and no-tillage with straw cover (NTS). CO2 and N2O emission fluxes from soil-crop system were measured by static chamber-gas chromatograph technique. The results showed that: compared with T, in the soybean growing season, NTS significantly increased the cumulative amount of CO2 (CAC) from soil-soybean system by 27.9% (P=0.045) during the flowering-podding stage, while NT significantly declined CAC by 28.9% (P=0.043) during the grain filling-maturity stage. Compared with T, NT significantly declined the cumulative amount of N2O (CAN) by 28.3% (P=0.042) during the grain filling-maturity stage. In the winter-wheat growing season, compared with T, TS and NT significantly declined CAC by 24.3% (P=0.032) and 36.0% (P=0.041) during the elongation-booting stage, and also declined CAC by 26.8% (P=0.027) and 33.1% (P=0.038) during the maturity stage. During the turning-green stage, compared with T treatment, NT, NTS, and TS treatments had no significant effect on CAN, while NTS significant declined CAN by 42.0% (P=0.035) compared with NT. Our findings suggested that conservation tillage managements had a more significant impact on CO2 emission than N2O emission from soil-crop system. |
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| Keywords: | conservation tillage soil-crop system greenhouse gases CO2 N2O |
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