骆马湖表层水体中32种PPCPs类物质的污染水平、分布特征及风险评估

为评价骆马湖水体中药品和个人护理品(PPCPs)的污染水平、空间分布特征及生态风险,利用高效液相色谱-串联质谱测定了骆马湖水体中22个采样点的32种PPCPs.结果表明,骆马湖表层水体中共检出了23种PPCPs,总浓度范围为892~1 536 ng·L~(-1),其中浓度最高的为诺氟沙星(256~707 ng·L~(-1)),其次是酮洛芬(85~438 ng·L~(-1))、安赛蜜(101~290 ng·L~(-1))及萘普生(1.9~112 ng·L~(-1)).不同采样位点的PPCPs浓度存在一定的空间差异,呈现湖东北部地区较高,西南部地区较低的趋势.房亭河入湖口处PPCPs浓度较高,嶂山闸出湖口处浓度较低.对13种药物类PPCPs生态风险评价结果表明,诺氟沙星RQs为0.26~0.72,对于骆马湖水生生态系统表现为中风险,吉非罗齐在大部分采样点RQs0.01,表现为低风险,其余的化合物RQs0.01未表现出生态环境风险.采用简单叠加模型计算PPCPs的联合毒性风险熵范围为0.29~0.75,整体上看,骆马湖PPCPs对于水生生物表现出中风险.对6种PPCPs的人体健康风险结果表明,RQs均小于1,表明骆马湖PPCPs对人体健康无直接风险.

Pollution Level, Distribution Characteristics and Risk Assessment of 32 PPCPs in Surface Water of Luomahu Lake

A total of 22 water samples collected from Luomahu Lake were determined using high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) to evaluate the pollution level,spatial distribution and ecological risk of 32 PPCPs.23 PPCPs were detected in surface water of Luomahu Lake and the total concentrations of 22 samples were 892-1536 ng·L^-1.The concentration of norfloxacin (256-707 ng·L^-1) was the highest among the detected PPCPs,followed by ketoprofen (85-438 ng·L^-1),acesulfame (101-290 ng·L^-1) and naproxen (1.9-112 ng·L^-1).Spatial differences were found in concentrations of PPCPs in various sampling sites.Concentrations of PPCPs in northeast of Luomahu Lake were higher than those of southwest.Concentration of PPCPs in Fangtinghe River was high and that of Zhangshanzha River was relatively low.The risk assessment of 13 pharmaceutical PPCPs showed that risk quotients (RQs) of norfloxacin were 0.26-0.72,posing medial risk to aquatic ecosystem.Gemifibrozil posed low ecological risks with RQs>0.01 in most sampling sites.RQs of other 11 PPCPs were less than 0.01,posing no ecological risks.The combined risk quotients of 12 PPCPs in water of Luomahu Lake were 0.29-0.75,indicating that those compounds posed an medial risk to aquatic ecosystem.Human health risk assessment showed that the RQs were less than one for 6 selected PPCPs,indicating that these compounds did not appear to pose an appreciable risk to human health by potential environmental exposure from drinking water.