白洋淀夏季汛期入淀河流水体溶解性有机物的光谱特征及来源

溶解性有机物（DOM）是全球最大的有机碳储存库,在天然水体的生物地球化学循环中起着至关重要的作用.河流是连接源头与受纳水体的过渡区,是进行DOM交换的关键环节.因此,运用紫外-可见光谱技术（UV-vis）和三维荧光光谱技术（EEMs）结合平行因子分析法（PARAFAC）,分析了夏季汛期白洋淀流域府河、小白河、白沟引河和瀑河水体中溶解性有机物的光谱特征及其来源.结果表明,府河和小白河水体的a₂₄₅和a₃₅₅显著高于白沟引河和瀑河；E₂/E₃显示入淀河流水体DOM相对分子质量大小为：瀑河>白沟引河>府河>小白河.三维荧光通过PARAFAC共解析出3种组分,分别为类酪氨酸（C1）、陆源类腐殖质（C2）和类色氨酸（C3）；各荧光组分间不存在差异（P>0.05）,C2和C3组分在不同入淀河流间存在差异（P<0.05）；易降解类蛋白质组分（C1+C3）占比高于类腐殖质组分C2.各入淀河流自生源指数BIX都大于1,腐殖化指数HIX都小于4,表明入淀河流水体自生源特征明显,腐殖化程度较弱；府河水体具有最高的FI指数（1.96 ± 0.25）和最低的HIX指数（0.46 ± 0.08）,且沿入淀河流方向自生源特征逐渐加强,表明府河水体呈现更高的内源特征.经入淀河流水体DOM的荧光组分与特征参数相关性分析得出,府河水体与小白河水体相关性呈现相似关系,白沟引河水体与瀑河水体呈现相似关系；各入淀河流水体DOM的荧光组分与水质参数的相关性呈现明显差异,并且与水体氮、磷关联较强；经多元线性回归分析,各入淀河流在C1组分之间不存在显著差异,在C2组分和C3组分之间存在显著差异.综上所述,通过对夏季汛期入淀河流水体的DOM光谱特征及来源的研究,进一步认识了白洋淀入淀河流的碳循环过程.

Spectral Characteristics and Sources of Dissolved Organic Matter in Inflow Rivers of Baiyangdian Lake Water in Summer Flood Season

DOM is the largest reservoir of organic carbon in the world, and it plays a crucial role in the biogeochemical cycles of natural water bodies. A river is a transition area connecting source water and receiving water that controls the DOM exchange between them. Therefore, in this study, ultraviolet visible spectroscopy (UV-vis) and three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy (EEMs) combined with parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) were used to analyze the spectral characteristics and sources of dissolved organic matter in the Fuhe River, Xiaobai River, Baigouyin River, and Puhe River of Baiyangdian. The results showed that a₂₄₅ and a₃₅₅ in the Fuhe River and Xiaobai River were significantly higher than those in the Baigouyin River and Puhe River. E₂/E₃ showed that the DOM relative molecular mass of the inflow river water body was Puhe River > Baigouyin River > Fuhe River > Xiaobai River. Three components, tyrosine-like (C1), terrigenous humus (C2), and tryptophan-like (C3), were determined using three-dimensional fluorescence through PARAFAC. There was no difference among the fluorescence components (P>0.05), but there were differences among the C2 and C3 components (P<0.05). The proportion of easily degradable protein-like components (C1+C3) was higher than that of humus-like components (C2). The autogeny index BIX was greater than 1, and the humification index HIX was less than 4, indicating that the autogeny characteristics of the river bodies were obvious, and the humification degree was weak. The FI index was the highest (1.96±0.25), and the HIX index was the lowest (0.46±0.08), and the self-generated source characteristics gradually strengthened along the direction of the river entering the lake, indicating that the water body of the Fuhe River showed higher endogenous and autogenic characteristics. Based on the correlation analysis of fluorescence components and characteristic parameters of DOM, the correlations between the Fuhe River and Xiaobaihe River and between the Baigouyin River and Puhe River bodies were similar. The correlation between fluorescence components of DOM and water quality parameters of each lake was significantly different, and it was strongly correlated with nitrogen and phosphorus in water. According to multiple linear regression analysis, there was no significant difference among C1 components, but there was a significant difference between C2 and C3 components. In summary, the carbon cycle process of Baiyangdian Lake was further understood through the study on the DOM spectral characteristics and sources of the inflow river waters in the summer flood season.