西南丘陵区村镇典型供水水源有机物分布特征及对饮水水质的影响

以西南丘陵区村镇典型供水水源原水及其净化水为研究对象,分析了水质净化常规工艺前后其有机污染物分布特征及对饮水水质的影响.结果表明:该区域村镇供水水源属微污染水源水体,有机污染物以溶解性中小分子有机物为主,占有机物总量的50%~80%.共检测到53种共14类有机物,主要为烷烃、酯、酚、苯类物质,占有机物总量的80%~90%左右,有机酸、烯烃、醇和醛含量较小.有机物中二氯甲烷、苯酚、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯含量较高,并且出现了除草剂、食品添加剂、抗生素等污染物,如特丁津、2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚、萘啶酸等.水质净化常规工艺主要去除相对分子质量10×10~3的有机物,小分子量有机物中有机酸类去除效果较好,但烷烃、酯、酚、苯类有机物去除效果较差.

Organic Distribution Characteristics and Influence on Drinking Water Quality in the Typical Water Sources for Towns in the Southwest Hilly Area of China

This study analyzed the organic distribution characteristics of original and treated water and their impacts on drinking water quality using a conventional water treatment process in the typical water supply sources for towns in the southwest hilly area of China. The results showed that the water supply source in this area is micro-polluted water. Dissolved organics of low molecular weight accounted for the great majority of the organics, with the proportion ranging from 50% to 80%. There were 53 kinds and 14 classes of organics, including alkanes, esters, phenolic compounds, and benzenes, with the proportion from 80% to 90%. The amounts of organic acid, alkene, alcohols, and aldehyde were small, while the amounts of dichloromethane, phenol, and dibutyl-phthalate were relatively high. Herbicides, food additives, and antibiotics were detected, such as terbuthylazine, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, and nalidixic acid. The conventional water treatment process could efficiently remove the compounds with molecular weights higher than 10×10³ and organic acid; however, it was limited greatly in its removal of alkanes, esters, phenolic compounds, and benzenes.