氮磷比对东海浮游植物群落生长影响的微宇宙实验

采用微宇宙实验方法,研究了不同氮磷比条件（1N∶1P、4N∶1P、8N∶1P、16N∶1P、32N∶1P、64N∶1P、128N∶1P和256N∶1P）培养30 d对东海近岸浮游植物群落生长的影响.结果表明,不同氮磷比对浮游植物群落的物种丰富度、细胞丰度、Chl-a（叶绿素a）含量、比生长率以及硅、甲藻相对比例均产生了显著影响：6 d时高氮磷比组的物种丰富度、细胞丰度、Chl-a含量和比生长率显著高于低氮磷比组;30 d时氮磷比接近Redfield比值的处理组（8N∶1P、16N∶1P和32N∶1P）细胞丰度显著高于其它组.各处理组中浮游植物群落都呈先硅藻后甲藻的基本演替规律,不同氮磷比对甲藻发生时间和优势种产生了明显影响：实验前期（0～12 d）各处理组中硅藻占绝对优势;18 d时,4N∶1P、16N∶1P和32N∶1P组中甲藻占浮游植物总细胞丰度的比例超越硅藻;随后（24～30 d）,其它处理组中甲藻的比例也相继超越硅藻而占据优势;30 d时,除8N∶1P、16N∶1P和32N∶1P组外,其它各处理组中甲藻均占绝对优势.

Microcosm Experiments on the Influence of Different N/P Ratios on Phytoplankton Community Growth in the East China Sea

In the present study, a microcosm experiment was conducted in situ for 30 days, in order to investigate the effects of different N/P ratios (1N: 1P, 4N: 1P, 8N: 1P, 16N: 1P, 32N: 1P, 64N: 1P, 128N: 1P, and 256N: 1P) on phytoplankton community growth in the East China Sea. The results indicated that the species number, cell abundance, Chl-a content, specific growth rate as well as species composition of the phytoplankton community significantly varied with the N/P ratios. After 6 days of culture, the species number, cell abundance, Chl-a content and specific growth rate in the high N/P ratio groups were significantly higher than those in the low N/P ratio groups. After 30 days of culture, the cell abundance in the groups close to the Redfield ratio (8N: 1P, 16N: 1P, and 32N: 1P) was significantly higher than those in the other treatments. On the other hand, the phytoplankton community in all the treatments was observed a definite succession from diatoms to dinoflagellates during the present study. Nonetheless, the N/P ratios strongly affected the duration of dinoflagellate bloom as well as the dominated species: at the beginning of culture (0th day-12th day), the diatoms dominated the phytoplankton community; then the relative contribution of dinoflagellates to the total cell abundance exceeded diatoms in the 4N: 1P, 16N: 1P, and 32N: 1P groups on the 18th day. After that, the relative contribution of dinoflagellates exceeded diatoms ordinally in the other groups from the 24th day to 30th day. At the end of culture, the phytoplankton community was dominated by the dinoflagellates in all the groups except for the 8N: 1P, 16N: 1P, and 32N: 1P treatments.