高效纤维素分解菌在蔬菜-花卉秸秆联合好氧堆肥中的应用

以滇池流域典型的蔬菜废物和花卉秸秆为堆肥原料,以本实验室筛选、保存的17株纤维素降解菌和1株购买的产黄纤维单胞菌(Cellulomonas Flavigena)为复合接种剂,对不同接种条件和控温条件下的联合堆肥中试进行了研究.实验结果表明,在一次发酵的初始阶段,以体积分数0.5%的接种量向堆肥中接种纤维素降解复合菌剂可有效提高发酵过程堆料中纤维素降解菌的种群密度,并使其迅速成为优势菌群,尤其是当堆体处于控温55℃的工况条件时,其菌群密度可保持在3.84×10⁹～1.80×10¹⁰CFU/g;在二次发酵的初始阶段,以体积分数1%的接种量接种,可有效提高二次发酵阶段堆温的回升.对堆料中木质素和纤维素含量以及堆肥终产物的粒径分布指标--过筛率的检测表明,接种的复合纤维素降解菌可有效地降解堆料中的木质纤维素,接种处理中纤维素的降解率比不接种处理高23.64%,接种处理堆肥终产物的过筛率(2.0 cm)比不接种处理高18.28%.研究表明,用纤维素降解复合菌剂进行二次接种二次发酵,能够有效地促进蔬菜-花卉秸秆联合好氧堆肥中物料的纤维素组分的降解,达到加快堆肥进程,提高堆肥品质的目的.

Application of High-efficient Cellulose Utilization Microorganisms in Co-composting of Vegetable Wastes and Flower Stalk

An inoculation composing 17 species of cellulose utilization microorganisms was used in co-composting of vegetable wastes and flower stalk, and the efficiency of the inoculation on lignocellulose degradation was studied. The experiments result show that at the beginning of the first stage of composting, inoculating cellulose utilization microorganism in the substrates with 0.5% (V/V) can improve the biomass of the microorganisms into the substrates greatly and make them dominant ones. When the temperature was controlled as 55 degrees C, the biomass of cellulose utilization microorganisms can keep between symbol: see text] 3.84 x 10(9)-1.80 x 10(10) CFU/g. At the beginning of the second stage, inoculating with 1% (V/V) can improve the temperature during this period effectively. Monitoring of the content of lignocelluloses in the substrate shows that the inoculation of cellulose utilization microorganism can accelerate the degradation of cellulose. The degradation efficiency of cellulose under inoculation condition is 23.64% higher than those without inoculation. This shows that inoculating with cellulose utilization microorganisms in each stage of the composting can greatly decompose the lignocellulose in the substrates, accelerate the co-composting process and improve the quality of composting production.