济南市夏季环境空气VOCs污染特征研究

对济南市2010年夏季环境空气中56种挥发性有机物进行在线气相色谱监测,分析其污染特征及其与气象条件的关系.结果表明,济南市环境空气监测的56种VOCs中主要为烷烃、芳香烃和烯烃,占总监测挥发性有机物的98.2%;6、7月济南市环境空气VOCs浓度整体稳定,8月中下旬浓度明显偏高,且夏季VOCs成分质量百分比随温度有一定变化;VOCs浓度日变化规律曲线在晴天都有明显的双峰特征,分别出现在每天车流量高峰时段,降雨时无明显双峰特征且浓度偏大;济南市环境空气夏季VOCs浓度与风速、日照时间成负相关性,大气稳定度较高时,污染物不易扩散,VOCs浓度呈增长趋势.济南市VOCs的排放源主要是工业排放和机动车排放、汽油的挥发和泄漏等.

Pollution Characteristics of VOCs in Ambient Air of Ji'nan City in Summer

Totally 56 kinds of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)in ambient air of Ji'nan City in summer 2010 were monitored by on-line GC to analyze their pollution characteristics and their relationship with weather conditions. The results showed that the majority of VOCs in ambient air in Ji'nan were alkanes, aromatics and olefins, accounting for 98.2% of the 56 kinds of total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs) detected. The concentrations of VOCs remained stable in June and July, and were significantly higher in mid and late August, and the quality percentages of the VOCs components showed some variations with changes in temperature. In sunny days, the diurnal variation curve of VOCs concentration had a bimodal characteristic, with the two peaks appearing in the rush hours with heavy traffic. There were no obvious bimodal distribution in rainy days and the concentrations were higher. The concentration of VOCs in ambient air in summer showed negative correlation with the wind speed and hours of sunshine, when the atmospheric stability was high, the pollutants were difficult to diffuse, which lead to increasing concentration of VOCs. The main sources of VOCs in Ji'nan are industrial emissions, motor vehicle emissions, the evaporation and leakage of gasoline, etc.