北京铺装道路交通扬尘排放规律研究

根据对北京82条城区道路和56条郊区铺装道路路面尘负荷的监测,依据AP-42交通扬尘排放因子模型,针对道路类型、车流量、道路位置等研究了北京交通扬尘的排放规律,分析了2种确定路面尘负荷的方法.结果表明,北京城区快速路、主干道、次干道和支路路面尘负荷分别为：0.17、0.34、1.48和2.60 g/m²,北京郊区国道、省道、县道、乡级路和县城内城市道路路面尘负荷分别为：0.18、0.56、1.58、3.10和1.58 g/m²;根据路面尘负荷与车流量及道路类型的相关性分析,在城区利用尘负荷与车流量的关系式对尘负荷进行赋值相关性较好,在郊区利用不同类型道路尘负荷平均值对道路尘负荷进行赋值相关性较好;路面尘负荷及排放因子随着车流量的增大而降低,而交通扬尘PM₁₀排放强度随车流量的增大而增强;城区主干道交通扬尘排放PM₁₀强度最大为130.2 kg/(km·d),郊区国道交通扬尘PM₁₀排放强度最大为43.8 kg/(km·d).

Emission Characteristics of Paved Roads Fugitive Dust in Beijing

Based on sampling and laboratory analyzing silt loading of 82 city roads and 56 suburb paved roads in Beijing, we using AP-42 emission factor model studied emission characteristics of paved road fugitive dust, and analyzed two methods to determine silt loading of different roads. The results show that silt loading of expressway, major arterial, minor arterial and collectors in city areas is 0.17, 0.34, 1.48, 2.60 g/m² respectively, and silt loading of national road, province road, county road, village road and municipal road in the suburbs areas is 0.18, 0.56, 1.58, 3.10, 1.58 g/m² respectively. In the city areas, using the relationship of silt loading and traffic volume,and in the suburbs areas, using the average value of different type roads to determine the silt loading are better. Silt loading and emission factor are negatively correlated with traffic volume, but the emission strength is increased with the increase of traffic volume. Emission strength of different type roads was also studied. In the city areas, emission strength of major arterial is strongest and the value is 130.2 kg/(km·d), and in the suburbs areas, emission strength of national road is strongest and the value is 43.8 kg/(km·d).