太湖典型草、藻型湖区有色可溶性有机物的吸收及荧光特性

2004年4月对太湖典型草、藻型湖区东太湖和梅梁湾有色可溶性有机物(CDOM)的吸收和荧光特性进行了研究.通过实验测定方法得到东太湖和梅梁湾CDOM的光谱吸收系数及其荧光值.结果表明,溶解性有机碳(DOC)的浓度在6.3～17.2 mg/L间变化,其均值为9.08±2.66 mg/L;CDOM在280 nm和355 nm的吸收系数分别为11.2～32.6 m^-1(平均值17.46m-1±5.75 m^-1)和2.4m～8.3 m^-1(平均值4.17 m^-1±1.47 m^-1);355 nm波长处CDOM的比吸收系数为0.31～0.64 L·(mg·m)^-1,平均值0.46L·(mg·m)^-1±0.08 L·(mg·m)^-1.355 nm的激发波长、450 nm的发射波长处的荧光值的变化范围0.50～3.91 nm^-1(平均值1.32nm-1±0.84 nm^-1).2类草、藻型湖区的DOC浓度、CDOM吸收系数、355 nm处荧光值均存在显著性差异,但CDOM比吸收系数和指数函数斜率则没有显著性差异,由此则反映了CDOM来源的一致性.CDOM的吸收系数与DOC浓度的相关性随波长的降低而增加,在短波部分存在明显的正相关.355 nm处的荧光值、DOC浓度与CDOM吸收系数存在如下显著性的正相关关系:F_n(355)=0.544(±0.035)a(355)-0.946(±0.152),DOC=1.537(±0.196)a(355)+2.683(±0.862).280～500 nm、280～360 nm、360～440 nm指数函数斜率分别为14.37μm^-1±0.73μm^-1、19.17μm-1±0.84μm^-1、13.38μm-1±0.82μm^-1.

Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter Absorption Characteristics with Relation to Fluorescence in Typical Macrophyte, Algae Lake Zones of Lake Taihu

Chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) represents one of the primary light-absorbing species in natural waters and plays a critical in determining the aquatic light field. CDOM shows a featureless absorption spectrum that increases exponentially with decreasing wavelength, which limits the penetration of biologically damaging UV-B radiation (wavelength from 280 to 320 nm) in the water column, thus shielding aquatic organisms. CDOM absorption measurements and their relationship with dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and fluorescence are presented in typical macrophyte and algae lake zone of Lake Taihu based on a field investigation in April in 2004 and lab analysis. Absorption spectral of CDOM was measured from 240 to 800 nm using a Shimadzu UV-2401PC UV-Vis recording spectrophotometer. Fluorescence with an excitation wavelength of 355 nm, an emission wavelength of 450 nm is measured using a Shimadzu 5301 spectrofluorometer. Concentrations of DOC ranged from 6.3 to 17.2 mg/L with an average of 9.08 +/- 2.66 mg/L. CDOM absorption coefficients at 280 nm and 355 nm were in the range of 11.2 - 32.6 m(-1) (average 17.46m(-1) +/- 5.75 m(-1) and 2.4 - 8.3 m(-1) (average 4.17m(-1) +/- 1.47 m(-l)), respectively. The values of the DOC-specific absorption coefficient at 355 nm ranged from 0.31 to 0.64 L x (mg x m)-1. Fluorescence emission at 450 nm, excited at 355 nm, had a mean value of 1.32nm(-1) +/- 0.84 nm(-1). A significant lake zone difference is found in DOC concentration, CDOM absorption coefficient and fluorescence, but not in DOC-specific absorption coefficient and spectral slope coefficient. This regional distribution pattern is in agreement with the location of sources of yellow substance: highest concentrations close to river mouth under the influence of river inflow, lower values in East Lake Taihu. The values of algae lake zone are obvious larger than those of macrophyte lake zone. In Meiliang Bay, CDOM absorption, DOC concentration and fluorescence tend to decreasing from inside to mouth of the Bay. The results show a good correlation between CDOM absorption and DOC coefficients during 280 - 500 nm short wavelength intervals. The R-square coefficient between CDOM absorption and DOC concentration decreases with the increase of wavelength from 280 to 500 nm. The significant linear regression correlations between fluorescence, DOC concentration and absorption coefficients were found at 355 nm. The exponential slope coefficients ranged from 13.0 to 16.4 microm(-1) with a mean value 14.37microm(-1) +/- 0.73microm(-1), 17.3microm(-1) - 20.3microm(-1) with a mean value 19.17microm(-1) +/- 0.84microm(-1) and 12.0microm(-1) - 15.8microm(-1) with a mean value 13.38microm(-1) +/- 0.82microm(-1) over the 280 - 500 nm, 280 - 360 nm and 360 - 440 nm intervals.