3-吲哚乙酸协同螯合剂强化植物提取重金属的研究

螯合剂的潜在环境风险以及重金属/金属螯合物对植物的胁迫作用是限制重金属污染土壤的螯合诱导植物提取技术应用的2个主要障碍.以玉米为试验材料进行室内盆栽,通过添加螯合剂EDTA和氨三乙酸（NTA）进行螯合诱导植物提取研究,并以植物激素3-吲哚乙酸（IAA）来缓解重金属对植物的胁迫作用.结果表明,EDTA&IAA处理玉米地上部生物量比EDTA处理增加40.0％,地上部Cu、Zn、Cd和Pb累积量分别增加27.0％、26.8％、27.5％和32.8％;NTA&IAA处理玉米地上部生物量比NTA处理增加29.9％,地上部Cu、Zn、Cd和Pb累积量分别增加31.8％、27.6％、17.0％和26.9％.结果表明,IAA能缓解重金属/螯合剂的植物毒性,促进植物根系伸长,增加植物生物量,协同螯合剂促进植物对重金属的吸收、转运和积累,显著提高植物提取效率.

Enhanced Phytoextraction of Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil by Chelating Agents and Auxin Indole-3-Acetic Acid

The environmental risk of chelating agents such as EDTA application to the heavy metals polluted soils and the stress on plant roots due to the abrupt increase metals concentration limit the wide commercial use of chelate-induced phytoextraction. Chelating agent ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) and auxin indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) were used for enhancing heavy metals uptake from soils by Zea mays L. (corn) in pot experiments. The metals content in plant tissues was quantified using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS). The results showed that the combination of IAA and EDTA increased the biomass by about 40.0% and the contents of Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb in corn shoots by 27.0%, 26.8%, 27.5% and 32.8% respectively, as compared to those in EDTA treatment. While NTA&IAA treatment increased the biomass by about 29.9% and the contents of Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb in corn shoots by 31.8%, 27.6%, 17.0% and 26.9% respectively, as compared to those in NTA treatment. These results indicated that corn growth was promoted, and the biomass and the accumulation of heavy metals in plant shoots were increased significantly with the addition of IAA, which probably helps to change the cell membrane properties and the biomass distribution, resulting in the alleviation of the phytotoxicity of metals and the chelating agents.