城市污水再生处理过程中病原性原虫的去除特性

通过定期监测北京市某城市污水再生处理过程各单元出水中的隐孢子虫和贾第鞭毛虫(两虫)浓度,系统考察了污水再生处理系统对两虫的去除特性.结果表明,原污水、初沉池出水、二沉池出水、絮凝沉淀池出水和砂滤池出水中隐孢子虫的平均检出量分别为238、179、6、1、0.3个·L-1,贾第鞭毛虫的平均检出量分别为1 568、1048、22、4、0.6个·L-1.污水再生处理系统对隐孢子虫和贾第鞭毛虫的总去除率分别为2.98log(99.895%)和3.46log(99.965%).一级处理工艺对污水中两虫的去除效果并不理想,去除率分别只有0.13log和0.18log.二级生物处理对两虫的去除贡献最大,去除率分别达1.50log和1.67log.污水深度处理工艺(絮凝-沉淀-砂滤)能有效提高两虫的去除效果.污水厂进水中的两虫检出量随季节变化,雨季较低,旱季较高.

Removal Characteristic of Pathogenic Protozoan in Wastewater Treatment and Reclamation Process

The concentration of pathogenic protozoan (Cryptosporidium and Giardia) in water samples of different units in a full-scale wastewater treatment plant in Beijing was investigated periodically. The average concentrations of Cryptosporidium detected in untreated wastewater, primary sedimentation, secondary sedimentation, flocculation-sedimentation and sand-filtration effluent were 238, 179, 6, 1, 0.3 oocysts/L respectively, and the average concentrations of Giardia were 1 568, 1 048, 22, 4, 0.6 cysts/L respectively. The total removal efficiencies of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in this treatment process were 2.98 and 3.46 log respectively. Very little protozoan in wastewater could be removed by preli minary treatment process, the removal efficiencies were only 0.13 and 0.18 log respectively. Biological treatment unit had the highest removal efficiency, up to 1.50 and 1.67 log respectively. Advanced treatment process could enhance the removal of the protozoan effectively. The results also showed that the pollution level of pathogenic protozoan in the influent of wastewater treatment and reclamation plant was various according to the climate, high in dry seasons and low in rainy season.