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湘江流域土壤重金属污染及其生态环境风险评价
引用本文:刘春早,黄益宗,雷鸣,郝晓伟,李希,铁柏清,谢建治.湘江流域土壤重金属污染及其生态环境风险评价[J].环境科学,2012,33(1):260-265.
作者姓名:刘春早  黄益宗  雷鸣  郝晓伟  李希  铁柏清  谢建治
作者单位:中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京 100085;河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院,保定 071000;中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京 100085;湖南农业大学资源环境学院,长沙 410128;中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京 100085;湖南农业大学资源环境学院,长沙 410128;湖南农业大学资源环境学院,长沙 410128;河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院,保定 071000
基金项目:国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2009ZX07212-001-05)
摘    要:采用美国TCLP(toxicity characteristic leaching procedure)提取重金属和内梅罗综合污染指数评价方法对湖南省湘江流域土壤重金属生态环境风险进行评价.沿湘江流域采集72个土壤样品,测定土壤中的6种主要重金属的总量、TCLP提取的有效态含量及土壤样品的污染级别.结果表明,湘江流域土壤As、Cd、Cu、Zn、Ni和Pb总含量分别在4.25~549.67、0.13~76.84、11.49~281.69、7.75~7 234.81、5.50~56.65和8.60~2 084.81 mg.kg-1范围之间,TCLP提取态含量分别在0.02~10.97、0.06~28.41、0.04~72.29、0.59~1 152.32、0.07~10.65和0.17~1 165.58 mg.kg-1范围内.TCLP提取的土壤Cd、Cu、Zn、Ni、Pb有效态含量分别与其总含量之间存在着显著的相关关系.72个土壤样品中属安全水平、警戒水平、轻污染水平、中污染水平和重污染水平所占的比率分别为60.52%、11.33%、5.65%、4.22%和18.38%,说明湘江流域土壤重金属污染存在着比较严重的生态环境风险.

关 键 词:TCLP  湘江流域  土壤  重金属  生态环境风险评价
修稿时间:2011/5/16 0:00:00

Soil Contamination and Assessment of Heavy Metals of Xiangjiang River Basin
LIU Chun-zao,HUANG Yi-zong,LEI Ming,HAO Xiao-wei,LI Xi,TIE Bo-qing and XIE Jian-zhi.Soil Contamination and Assessment of Heavy Metals of Xiangjiang River Basin[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Science,2012,33(1):260-265.
Authors:LIU Chun-zao  HUANG Yi-zong  LEI Ming  HAO Xiao-wei  LI Xi  TIE Bo-qing and XIE Jian-zhi
Institution:Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China;College of Resources and Environment, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China;Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China;College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China;College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;College of Resources and Environment, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
Abstract:The contents of heavy metals (As, Cd, Cu, Zn, Ni and Pb) in soils from Xiangjiang River Basin, Hunan Province, China, were analyzed by toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) and Nemrow method. Results showed that the total contents of As, Cd, Cu, Zn, Ni and Pb were 4.25-549.67, 0.13-76.84, 11.49-281.69, 7.75-7234.81, 5.50-56.65 and 8.60-2084.81 mg·kg-1, respectively, and the available contents of As, Cd, Cu, Zn, Ni and Pb extracted by TCLP were 0.02-10.97, 0.06-28.41, 0.04-72.29, 0.59-1152.32, 0.07-10.65 and 0.17-1165.58 mg·kg-1. The contents of available heavy metals extracted by TCLP correlated with total contents of heavy metals. Moreover, the pollution index Nemrow method showed that 72 samples at safety level, alert level, light pollution level, medium pollution level and heavy pollution level ratios were 60.52%, 11.33%, 5.65%, 4.22% and 18.38% separately, illustrating that pollution of heavy metals in soil samples of Xiangjiang River Basin is serious.
Keywords:toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP)  Xiangjiang River Basin  soil  heavy metals  risk assessment
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