北京水环境中氯胺酮和去甲氯胺酮的浓度水平

利用高效液相色谱-串联质谱联用仪(HPLC-MS/MS)测定了北京市生活污水和自然水体中氯胺酮及其代谢产物去甲氯胺酮的浓度水平.样品采自北京市区内全部13家污水处理厂和流经北京市的四条河流.结果表明,氯胺酮和去甲氯胺酮在北京13家污水处理厂的进水浓度均值范围分别为MQL(method quantification limit,方法定量限)~(19.5±5.1)ng·L~(-1)和MQL~(6.2±2.1)ng·L~(-1),由此计算的负载量均值范围分别为(0.1±0.0)~(8.6±2.4)mg·(1 000人·d)-1和(0.3±0.1)~(3.2±1.1)mg·(1 000人·d)-1.经污水处理厂处理后,氯胺酮和去甲氯胺酮的去除率较低,甚至出现负值.氯胺酮在地表水中被广泛检出,浓度范围为MQL~17.8 ng·L~(-1);去甲氯胺酮在4条河流中的检出浓度均低于MQL.在通惠河中氯胺酮的检出浓度较大多数污水处理厂进水中的浓度高,说明沿河可能有氯胺酮的直接倾倒或排放.

Concentrations of Ketamine and Norketamine in the Water Environment in Beijing

Concentrations of ketamine (KET) and its metabolite, norketamine (NK) in sewage water and surface water in Beijing were examined by HPLC-MS/MS. Samples were collected from all the thirteen sewage treatment plants in the urban area and four rivers flowing through the city. Average influent concentrations of KET and NK in 2013 summer ranged from -1 and -1, respectively. The calculated loads of KET and NK ranged from (0.1±0.0) to (8.6±2.4) mg·(1000 inh·d)^-1 and (0.3±0.1) to (3.2±1.1) mg·(1000 inh·d)^-1, respectively. The removal rate during treatment was low and even negative at some plants for KET and NK. KET was widely detected in surface waters (-1), whereas NK was below MQL in all surface water samples. Concentration of KET in Tonghui River was higher than those in most of the STPs, indicating direct disposal of KET and/or direct discharge of sewage into the river.