西南涌酸挥发硫化物浓度水平及影响因素研究

为了找出影响河道沉积物酸挥发硫化物(AVS)空间分布的主导因素,在珠江三角洲典型感潮河道佛山西南涌的10个站位中采集了沉积物及上覆水样品,测定了其理化性状及微生物指标,重点探讨了氧化还原电位(Eh)、硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)、有机碳(OC)、总硫化物(TS)对AVS空间分布的影响,并评价了该区域重金属生物毒性.结果表明:所测样品AVS范围0.207～41.453μmol.g-1,均值6.684μmol.g-1,与其他研究结果相比较高;就AVS值而言,50%的站位沉积物表层>下层,表层沉积物变异系数为93.61%,下层达153.09%,均属高度变异;各因素对AVS空间分布影响排序为:TS>OC>Eh>SRB;以Σ(SEM5-AVS)值判断,60%的采样站位具潜在生态风险;采用Σ(SEM5-AVS)]/fOC判据,则全部站位均不具有不可接受的潜在生态风险.从单种重金属来看,Cd、Ni、Cu、Zn、Pb均有产生毒性效应的风险.研究结果为深入探讨AVS的形成机制提供了资料,为河流重金属污染生态风险评价及污染治理提供了参考.

AVS Concentrations in Xinan Creek and the Influencing Factors

Sediment and overlying water samples were collected at 10 sampling stations at Xinan Creek,a tidal river in Pearl River Delta,and analyzed for physical and chemical characteristics as well as microbial incicators,in order to reveal the main factors dominating the spatial distribution of acid volatile sulfide(AVS).The effects of Eh,SRB OC and TS on the spatial distribution of AVS were investigated and the impact of AVS on the toxicity of heavy metals in the studied area was evaluated.The results showed that the range of AVS was 0.207-41.453 μmol·g-1,with an average of 6.684 μmol·g-1,which is relatively high compared to the results in other studies.The AVS value of the surface layer was higher than the bottom layer in 5 stations.The AVS values in both the surface layer and the bottom layer were highly variable,the coefficients of variation being 93.61% and 153.09%,respectively.The analytical results revealed that TS was the factor with the greatest impact on the spatial distribution of AVS,and the order was TS>OC>Eh>SRB.Potential ecological risk of heavy metals existed in 60% of the smpling stations based on the value of (SEM5-AVS),however,with the criterion of (SEM5-AVS)/fOC,none of them had inacceptable ecological risk.Furthermore,in terms of single species of heavy metals,there was certain risk of toxic effect for all the five heavy metals(Cd,Ni,Cu,Zn and Pb).The above mentioned results will provide valuable data for the in-depth study of the formation mechanism of AVS and helpful reference for environmental impact assessment and scientific rehabilitation of heavy metals in polluted rivers.