嘉善地区水环境敏感点水质影响权重分析及风险等级判定

为保证嘉善地区水环境安全,在嘉善地区3次大规模野外水文、水质监测基础上,建立一维水动力及水质模型,选取嘉善地区3个水环境敏感点(包括国控断面红旗塘大坝、省控断面池家水文站以及陆斜塘水源地)进行水质影响权重分析(包括内外源权重、点面源权重);通过二级指标体系法,同时考虑高风险企业影响,判定水环境敏感点的风险等级.结果表明:①区域内部污染源对水环境敏感点影响大于区域外部污染源影响,COD内源平均影响权重为55.3%,氨氮为67.4%,TP为63.1%;面源影响大于点源影响,COD面源平均影响权重为53.7%,氨氮为65.9%,TP为57.8%;②红旗塘大坝和池家水文站为中风险,陆斜塘水源地除8月为中风险外,4月和12月均为低风险.本研究成果为保障水环境安全及社会经济安全运行提供决策依据.

Weight Parameters of Water Quality Impact and Risk Grade Determination of Water Environmental Sensitive Spots in Jiashan

For the safety of the water environment in Jiashan county in Zhejiang Province, one-dimensional hydrodynamic and water quality models are established based on three large-scale monitoring of hydrology and water quality in Jiashan county, three water environmental sensitive spots including Hongqitang dam Chijia hydrological station and Luxie pond are selected to investigate weight parameters of water quality impact and risk grade determination. Results indicate as follows 1 Internal pollution impact in Jiashan areas was greater than the external, the average weight parameters of internal chemical oxygen demand (COD) pollution is 55.3%, internal ammonia nitrogen (NH₄⁺-N) is 67.4%, internal total phosphor (TP) is 63.1%. Non-point pollution impact in Jiashan areas was greater than point pollution impact, the average weight parameters of non-point COD pollutions is 53.7%, non-point NH₄⁺-N is 65.9%, non-point TP is 57.8%. 2 The risk of Hongqitang dam and Chijia hydrological station are in the middle risk. The risk of Luxie pond is also in the middle risk in August, and in April and December the risk of Luxie pond is low. The strategic decision will be suggested to guarantee water environment security and social and economic security in the study.