浙江汤浦水库浮游植物季节演替及其影响因子分析

为探索我国亚热带饮用水源水库浮游植物时空变化特征及其影响因素,2011年对汤浦水库浮游植物和22项水文水环境因子进行月度监测.结果表明,调查期间共检出浮游植物7门62属115种,其中绿藻种类最多,硅藻其次;春季水华期间(4月)浮游植物细胞密度达到最高20.88×10~6cells·L~(-1),随后因强降雨影响降至最低0.59×10~6cells·L~(-1)(6月);浮游植物群落组成的时间异质性比空间异质性更为明显,其时空方差分解的结果显示,时间变异占总变异的72.3%,大于仅占2.5%的空间变异;优势种和冗余分析(RDA)表明,硅藻全年优势最为明显,其次是蓝藻和隐藻,再次是绿藻,其中春季由硅藻和蓝藻占优势,夏季由蓝藻和绿藻占优势,秋季和冬季则由硅藻和隐藻占优势;HRT及其驱动的水库离子浓度变化和反硝化过程是主导春季和秋季水体扰动耐受和敏感种类间演变,以及春季水华形成的关键因子;SiO_2、WT和N∶P则是主导冬季和夏季,硅藻、隐藻和蓝藻、绿藻间演变的关键因子.

Succession of Phytoplankton Assemblages and Its Influencing Factors in Tangpu Reservoir, Zhejiang Province

In order to explore the spatial-temporal dynamics of phytoplankton assemblages and its influencing factors in Tangpu Reservoir, phytoplankton and environmental variables were monthly monitored in 2011. The results showed that a total of 115 species of phytoplankton were identified, which belonged to 7 phyla and 62 genera. Phytoplankton abundance varied monthly with the maximum value (20.88×10⁶ cells·L^-1) in April and minimum (0.59×10⁶ cells·L^-1) in June. Variation partitioning of species data matrix showed that the variation of phytoplankton communities among months (account for 72.3%) was much larger than that among sampling sites (account for 2.5%), which indicated that phytoplankton communities had a high temporal but low spatial heterogeneity. Dominant species showed a marked seasonal succession pattern: diatom and blue-green algae species in spring, blue-green algae and green algae species in summer, diatom and cryptomonads species in autumn and winter. Result of multivariate analysis (RDA) indicated that HRT was the key factor affecting the shift between hydrological disturbance sensitive and tolerant species, and the formation of spring algal bloom; SiO₂, WT and N:P were the key factors affecting the shift from diatom and cryptomonads species to blue-green algae and green algae species.