长三角地区典型城市非道路移动机械大气污染物排放清单

本研究选取上海和杭州两市开展了非道路移动机械的实地调查,分析了各城市非道路移动机械的种类构成、使用特点、燃料类型、功率分布和排放标准等级,在此基础上建立了城市尺度非道路移动机械排放清单技术方法,编制了上海和杭州市2014年非道路移动机械大气污染物排放清单.结果表明,上海和杭州市非道路移动机械柴油消费分别为6.1×10~5t和3.2×10~5t,NO_x排放分别为3.09×10~4t和1.72×10~4t,PM_(2.5)排放分别为1.41×10~3t和8.1×10~2t,其中,挖掘机等建筑市政施工机械的排放贡献最为突出.非道路移动机械NO_x排放分别占两城市所有源的11.1%和16.1%,占流动源的18.5%和32.2%,已成为城市大气污染的重要来源之一.

Air Pollutant Emission Inventory of Non-road Machineries in Typical Cities in Eastern China

Based on site investigation of non-road vehicles in Shanghai and Hangzhou located in east China, non-road vehicle emission inventory in 2014 was established in these cities as well as its emission inventory technology. Characteristics of non-road vehicle were also analyzed, including classification, type of fuel, power and emission standard. The results showed that diesel consumed by non-road vehicles was 6.1×10⁵ t in Shanghai and 3.2×10⁵ t in Hangzhou; NO_x emission was 3.09×10⁴ t in Shanghai and 1.72×10⁴ t in Hangzhou; PM_2.5 emission was 1.41×10³ t in Shanghai and 8.1×10² t in Hangzhou, 2014. Emissions from excavators and other construction equipment contributed the most in non-road vehicle emission inventory. Non-road vehicle has become one of the important sources of urban air pollution, whose NO_x emissions accounted for 11.1% of all urban sources in Shanghai and 16.1% in Hangzhou, and accounted for 18.5% of mobile sources in Shanghai and 32.2% in Hangzhou.