烟雾箱模拟乙炔和NOx的大气光化学反应

利用自制光化学烟雾箱进行了一系列表征实验并模拟了乙炔和氮氧化物NO_x在室温（20±1）℃下的大气光化学反应．讨论了乙炔与NO_x的协同作用对光化学反应产生O₃的影响．实验得到了O₃和NO₂的壁损失分别为5.80×10^-6 s^-1和2.41×10^-6 s^-1,相对于模拟实验中的O₃和NO₂,该损失可以忽略．测得了单支40 W黑光灯的有效光强为0.64×10^-3 s^-1（以NO₂的光解速率表示）．经过净化空气的本底校正后,讨论了不同乙炔浓度、NO_x浓度以及光照强度对体系产生O₃的影响,计算了乙炔的增强反应活性值（incremental reactivity, IR）,4组实验的IR最大值分别为1.76×10^-2、2.68×10^-2、2.04×10^-2和2.84×10^-2．并发现IR值与乙炔的初始浓度以及光照强度关系密切,与NO_x初始浓度关系不大．

Smog Chamber Simulation of Atmospheric Photochemical Reactions of Acetylene and NOx

A series of characteristic experiments were conducted in a self-made photochemical smog chamber, which was used to simulate atmospheric photochemical reactions of acetylene and NO(x) under room temperature of (20 +/- 1) degrees C. The effect of acetylene and NO(x) on ozone production by photochemical reactions was discussed. The wall decay of O3 and NO2 were determined, which were 5.80 x 10(-6) s(-1) and 2.41 x 10(-6) s(-1), respectively. Such decay should be omitted relative to O3 and NO2 in simulative experiments. The effective light intensity for a single black lamp of 40 W was determined to be 0.64 x 10(-3) s(-1), which was expressed by the photolysis rate of NO2. The effect of different light intensity, initial concentrations of acetylene and NO(x) on O3 production was discussed after correction of background O3 from purified air. The incremental reactivity (IR) of acetylene were calculated. For four different experiments, the maximum values of IR are 1.76 x 10(-2), 2.68 x 10(-2), 2.04 x 10(-2) and 2.84 x 10(-2), respectively. It is found that there are close relationships between IR and initial acetylene concentrations, and between IR and irradiation intensity, and that there is no significant relation between IR and initial NO(x) concentrations.