渝东南典型地质高背景区土壤重金属来源解析及污染评价

为了解渝东南典型地质高背景区土壤重金属的污染特点,解析其污染来源并针对性地提出风险管控建议,在重庆市酉阳县北部兴隆镇和木叶乡共采集土壤表层样品(0～20 cm)211件,分析了表层土壤8种重金属(As、 Cd、 Cr、 Cu、 Hg、 Ni、 Pb和Zn)的含量及土壤pH值,采用数理统计、污染负荷指数、潜在生态风险指数、相关性分析和正定矩阵因子分解(PMF)模型等技术,研究了表层土壤重金属的含量及空间分布特征,并开展了污染评价和重金属的来源解析.结果表明,表层土壤重金属平均含量均超过重庆市土壤背景值,呈现出不同程度的富集情况,其中Cd超《土壤环境质量农用地土壤污染风险管控标准》(GB 15618-2018)中筛选值的比例高达83.41%,超管制值的比例为7.58%,潜在风险较高.污染负荷指数法评价结果显示研究区整体呈轻微污染,潜在生态风险指数评价结果显示研究区整体生态风险较高,其中重金属Hg、 Cd和As的贡献率分别为50.27%、 28.63%和11.70%.PMF结果显示研究区土壤中重金属的来源主要3种,即自然母质源、农业源和工业活动及交通排放的混合源,所占比例分别为40.49%、...

Source Analysis and Pollution Assessment of Soil Heavy Metals in Typical Geological High Background Area in Southeastern Chongqing

In order to understand the pollution characteristics of soil heavy metals in typical geological high background areas in southeastern Chongqing, analyze its pollution sources, and put forward risk management and control suggestions, 211 topsoil samples (0-20 cm) were collected in Xinglong Town and Muye Township in the north of Youyang County, Chongqing City, and the contents of eight heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn) and the soil pH value in the surface soil were analyzed. Additionally, mathematical statistics, pollution load index (P), potential ecological risk index (RI), correlation analysis, and the positive matrix factorization (PMF) model were used to study the content and spatial distribution characteristics of heavy metals in the topsoil, and pollution assessment and source analysis of heavy metals were carried out. The results showed that the average concentrations of heavy metals in the surface soil all exceeded the soil background value in Chongqing, showing different levels of enrichment. Among them, the proportion of Cd exceeding the screening value in the "soil environmental quality risk control standard for soil contamination of agricultural land" (GB 15618-2018) was as high as 83.41%, the proportion of exceeding the control value was 7.58%, and the potential risk was relatively high. The evaluation results of the pollution load index method showed that the study area was slightly polluted as a whole, and the evaluation results of the potential ecological risk index showed that the overall ecological risk of the study area was relatively high. Among them, the contribution rates of heavy metals Hg, Cd, and As were 50.27%, 28.63%, and 11.70%, respectively. The PMF results showed that there were three main sources of heavy metals in the soil in the study area:natural parent material sources, agricultural sources, and mixed sources of industrial activities and traffic emissions, accounting for 40.49%, 29.12%, and 30.39%, respectively. The quantitative source analysis results of soil heavy metals in the study area have important reference significance for soil heavy metal pollution control in geologically high background areas.