山东省黄河故道区域土壤环境背景值研究

对山东省黄河故道土壤环境中的重金属元素、六六六、滴滴涕等难降解农药和有机质含量进行了研究,并分析了重金属元素的纵向分布、有机质和重金属含量的相关性、不同土地利用方式对土壤背景值的影响.结果表明,表层土壤中Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr、Hg、As、Co、V、Mn、Cd和Ni的背景值含量分别为13.46、16.23、42.31、30.97、0.090、3.90、8.01、36.42、426.83、0.063和18.71mg·kg-1,有机质含量为0.74%,六六六和滴滴涕的检出率分别为100%和60%,含量低于土壤环境质量二级标准;11种土壤重金属元素背景值均低于土壤环境质量一级标准,其中10种重金属元素(Hg除外)土壤背景值低于全国水平、山东省及黄土高原地区土壤环境背景值,元素Hg在表层土壤存在富集现象, Cd有向下层迁移的趋势;元素Hg、Cd和有机质在0～20cm和20～40cm土层呈显著差异,其它元素无显著差异;不同土地利用方式下的土壤背景值无显著差异;有机质与Cu、As、Mn、Pb、Zn、Cr、Co、Ni等元素有极显著正相关性.

Soil Environmental Background Concentrations in Old Course of the Yellow River in Shandong Province

The environmental background concentrations of soil heavy metals, HCH, DDT and organic matter in old course of the Yellow River (Shandong area) were studied. Heavy metals vertical distribution, correlative analysis between organic matter and heavy metals, and the effect of different land use types were analyzed. The results showed that the background concentrations were 13.46 mg x kg(-1) for Cu, 16.23 mg x kg(-1) for Pb, 42.31 mg x kg(-1) for Zn, 30.97 mg x kg(-1) for Cr, 0.090 mg x kg(-1) for Hg, 3.90 mg x kg(-1) for As, 8.01 mg x kg(-1) for Co, 36.42 mg x kg(-1) for V, 426.83 mg x kg(-1) for Mn, 0.063 mg x kg(-1) for Cd, 18.71 mg x kg(-1) for Ni, and 0.74% for organic matter respectively. The detection rates of HCH and DDT were 100% and 60% respectively, and their concentrations were lower than Grade II of environmental quality standard for soils. All the heavy metals in soils were lower than Grade I of environmental quality standard for soils, and were lower than the background concentrations in the whole country, Shandong Province and the Loess Plateau area except for Hg. Mercury was significantly enriched in the surface soil, and the concentration of Cd was higher in the sublayer soil. The differences were significant between the layer 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm for Hg, Cd and organic matter, but not for the other heavy metals. The differences were not significant for environmental background concentrations among different land use types. Organic matter had highly positive correlations with Cu, As, Mn, Pb, Zn, Cr, Co and Ni.