基于蒙特卡罗模拟的铅锌冶炼厂周边农田土壤重金属健康风险评估

为探明铅锌冶炼厂周边土壤重金属污染程度及人体健康风险，在云南省某铅锌冶炼厂周边农田采集56个表层土壤(0～20 cm),分析了土壤中pH和重金属Pb、 Cd、 Zn、 As、 Cu和Hg的含量，对土壤重金属含量的污染程度、生态风险和概率健康风险进行了研究.结果表明，研究区土壤中ω(Pb)、ω(Cd)、ω(Zn)、ω(As)、ω(Cu)和ω(Hg)的平均值分别为4 413.93、 6.89、 1 672.76、 44.45、 47.61和0.21 mg·kg^-1,均超过云南省土壤背景值.Cd的地累积指数(I_geo)平均值为0.24,单因子污染指数(P_i)平均值为30.42,潜在生态风险指数(E_r)平均值为1 312.60,是研究区污染最重以及生态风险最高的重金属.蒙特卡罗概率健康风险结果显示，成人和儿童的非致癌风险指数(HI)分别为2.42E-01和9.36E-01,儿童的非致癌风险超过控制值的比例为36.63%;成人和儿童的致癌风险指数(TCR)分别为6.98E-05和5.93E-04,儿童的致癌风...

Contamination and Probabilistic Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Agricultural Soils Around a Lead-Zinc Smelter

In order to identify the contamination and health risks of heavy metals in agricultural soils, a total of 56 surface soil samples (0-20 cm) were collected around a Pb-Zn smelter in Yunnan Province, and six heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Zn, As, Cu, and Hg) and pH were analyzed to assess heavy metal status, ecological risk, and probabilistic health risk. The results revealed that the average contents of six heavy metals (Pb:4413.93 mg·kg^-1, Cd:6.89 mg·kg^-1, Zn:1672.76 mg·kg^-1, As:44.45 mg·kg^-1, Cu:47.61 mg·kg^-1, and Hg:0.21 mg·kg^-1) were higher than their background values in Yunnan Province. Cd had the highest mean geo-accumulation index (I_geo) of 0.24, the highest mean pollution index (P_i) of 30.42, and the greatest average ecological risk index (E_r) of 1312.60, indicating that Cd was the primary enriched and highest-ecological risk pollutant. The mean hazard index (HI) through exposure to six HMs was 2.42E-01 and 9.36E-01 for adults and children, respectively, with 36.63% of HI values for children exceeding the risk threshold of 1. Moreover, the mean total cancer risks (TCR) were 6.98E-05 and 5.93E-04 for adults and children, respectively, with 86.85% of TCR values for children exceeding the guideline value of 1E-04. The probabilistic health risk assessment suggested that Cd and As were the main contributors for the non-carcinogenic risks and carcinogenic risks. This work will provide scientific reference for the precise risk management and effective remediation strategy of soil heavy metal pollution in this study area.