黄河河南段水体中正构烷烃的分布特征与来源解析

本研究于2010年8月采集黄河河南段26个表层水及悬浮颗粒物样品,采用气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)测定22种正构烷烃(C_(14)~C_(36))的含量,分析其组成特征,并利用特征参数解析其来源.结果表明,黄河河南段水相中正构烷烃浓度为521~5 843 ng·L~(-1),平均浓度为1 409 ng·L~(-1),组成特征以C_(25)为主峰碳的高碳单峰型.悬浮颗粒相中正构烷烃浓度范围为463~11 142 ng·L~(-1),平均浓度为1 951 ng·L~(-1),组成特征表现为双峰型,C_(25)为主峰碳的高碳烃占优势,同时存在低碳峰.多特征参数OEP、CPI、%Wax C_n以及TAR表明,黄河河南段水相及悬浮颗粒物中正构烷烃主要来源于化石燃料的燃烧,同时存在陆生植物来源.

Distribution Characteristics and Source Apportionment of n-Alkanes in Water from Yellow River in Henan Section

To investigate the distributions and possible sources of n-alkanes in water and suspended particulate matter from Yellow River in Henan section, 26 water and suspended particulate matter samples were collected in August 2010 and 22 n-alkanes (C₁₄-C₃₆) were quantitatively determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS). Potential sources of n-alkanes were analyzed using different characteristic parameters. The results indicated that total concentrations of 22 n-alkanes were 521-5843 ng ·L^-1 with a mean concentration of 1409 ng ·L^-1, while the total amounts of n-alkanes in the suspended particulate matter were 463-11142 ng ·L^-1 with a mean value of 1951 ng ·L^-1. The composition profiles of n-alkanes in water showed unimodal distribution with a peak at C₂₅ in water. However, the composition characteristics of n-alkanes in SPM were of bimodal type, but still with the advantage of high carbon hydrocarbons peak at C₂₅. Results of characteristic parameters including CPI, TAR, OEP and %WaxC_n showed that n-alkanes in the studied area were derived mainly from combustion of fossil fuel, while terrestrial higher plant played a role in the existence of n-alkanes in water and suspended particulate matter from Yellow River in Henan section.