人工湿地系统用于地表水水质改善的效能及特征

在北京官厅水库附近建立潜流人工湿地(总面积:3×20m×2m),芦苇、蒲草混合种植,研究其在不同季节条件下对地表水的处理效能及特征,分析了进水浓度、水力负荷、温度对污染物去除率的影响.结果表明,系统对地表水有较好的处理效果,COD_Mn和NH₄⁺-N的出水浓度与进水浓度的回归关系遵从线性关系;系统对TN、TP的去除率分别为20%～60%和30%～45%;污染物的去除率随温度的降低而降低,随水力负荷率的增加而降低;COD_Mn、NH₄⁺-N和TN的去除率与其进水浓度呈正相关,而TP去除率与其进水浓度呈负相关.并研究建立了潜流湿地冬季运行管理措施.

Performance of Treatment Wetland Systems for Surface Water Quality Improvement

Intercropped with Phragmites communis and Typha angustifolia, subsurface flow constructed wetland systems (CWs) with the surface area of 3 x 20m x 2m were established beside Guanting Reservoir, an important source water base of Beijing. The treatment performance of the systems with different season were studied, the impacts of influent concentration, hydraulic loading rate and water temperature on contaminations removal were analyzed. The result showed that the subsurface flow CWs had the better decontamination effect to micro-pollution surface water. The relationship between the concentrations of CODMn and NH4+ -N in inflow and outflow followed the linear equation. The removal rates of total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) in the systems were 20%-60% and 30%-45%, respectively. The removal rates of contaminations were reduced with the decrease of water temperature and the increase of hydraulic loading rate, the removal rates of CODMn, N4+ -N and TN showed the positive correlation with their inflow concentration, but the removal rate of TP showed the negative correlation with its inflow concentration. Operation and management considerations of the subsurface flow CWs in winter were investigated in this study.