硝化包埋菌颗粒氨吸附性能及动力学特性

采用水性聚氨酯(WPU)和聚乙烯醇-海藻酸钠(PVA-SA)制作硝化污泥包埋菌颗粒,同时对比无污泥空白包埋菌颗粒,研究不同初始氨氮浓度、p H、温度、盐度等对包埋菌颗粒NH_4~+-N吸附性能的影响;通过吸附等温线、吸附热力学以及吸附动力学对包埋菌颗粒NH_4~+-N吸附过程进行解析.结果表明,硝化包埋菌颗粒的吸附容量大于空白包埋菌颗粒,WPU包埋菌颗粒的吸附容量高于PVA-SA;初始氨氮浓度升高,包埋菌颗粒的平衡吸附容量增大,同时随着时间的增长,吸附容量呈现先升高后降低最终逐渐达到平衡的过程;中性条件(p H=7)下包埋菌颗粒NH_4~+-N吸附性能最好,温度和盐度的升高抑制NH_4~+-N的吸附;热力学研究表明该吸附过程是一个放热的过程.吸附等温线显示包埋菌的NH_4~+-N吸附过程同时符合Langmuir等温式和Freundlich等温式,在高能量水平上显示为多层吸附,在低能量水平下显示为单层吸附;包埋菌的NH_4~+-N吸附过程符合Lagergren准二级动力学模型,表明NH_4~+-N与包埋菌颗粒表面存在化学基团的相互作用.

Characteristics of Ammonia Adsorption and Kinetics by Nitrifying Sludge Immobilized Pellets

In order to explore the characteristics and mechanisms of ammonia adsorption by both nitrifying sludge waterborne polyurethane (WPU)-immobilized pellets and nitrifying sludge polyvinyl alcohol-sodium alginate (PVA-SA)-immobilized pellets, the ammonia adsorption characteristics of immobilized pellets under different initial ammonia concentrations, and the influences of temperature, pH, and salinity on ammonia adsorption were studied respectively. Moreover, the adsorption isotherms, thermodynamics, and kinetics model analysis were employed to investigate the adsorption process. The adsorption capacity increased as the initial ammonia concentration increased. The optimal pH was 7.0, and salinity and temperature exhibited an inhibitory effect on adsorption. The adsorption capacity for nitrifying sludge-immobilized pellets was higher than the pellets with no sludge; the adsorption capacity of WPU pellets was higher than that of PVA-SA pellets. The thermodynamics demonstrated that the adsorption process was a spontaneous exothermic process and that low temperature favored ammonia adsorption. The process was fitted to the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm. It exhibited multilevel adsorption at higher energy (Freundlich isotherm) and single adsorption at lower energy by electrostatic force (Langmuir isotherm). Additionally, the process was consistent with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, as it explained that chemical adsorption was the primary mechanism of ammonia adsorption by immobilized pellets.