土壤微生物产电技术及其潜在应用研究进展

微生物燃料电池(microbial fuel cells,MFCs)是一种利用微生物将有机物的化学能转化为电能的装置.土壤含有产电细菌和有机质,能够在MFCs中产生电流.运行土壤MFCs能实时连续监测土壤污染和环境变化,去除土壤中污染物以及抑制淹水稻田土壤排放甲烷.实现上述功能不仅不消耗能源,相反还能产生少量电能,也无需向土壤中添加化学药剂.因此土壤MFCs是值得探索的环境友好的污染检测和修复技术以及温室气体减排技术,在环境科学与工程领域具有潜在的应用价值.由于土壤MFCs研究起步较晚,MFCs领域许多新技术尚未在土壤MFCs中得以应用.本文综述了土壤MFCs的相关研究进展,并结合MFCs技术的前沿,提出土壤MFCs可能的发展方向.

Research Progress in Technology of Using Soil Micro-organisms to Generate Electricity and Its Potential Applications

Microbial fuel cells (microbial fuel cells, MFCs) are devices in which micro-organisms convert chemical energy into electrical power.Soil has electrogenic bacteria and organic substrates, thus can generate electrical current in MFCs.Soil MFCs can be operated and applied to real-time and continuously monitor soil pollution, remove soil pollutants and to reduce methane emitted from flooded rice paddy, without energy consumption and the application of chemical reagents to the soil.Instead, the operation of soil MFCs generates small amount of electrical power.Therefore, soil MFCs are useful in the development of environment-friendly technology for monitoring and remediating soil pollution, which have potential value for applications in the domain of environmental science and engineering.However, much of advanced technology hasn't been applied into soil MFCs since the studies on soil MFCs was not started until recently.This paper summarized the research progress in related to soil MFCs combining with the frontier of MFCs technology, and brought forward the possible direction in studies on soil MFCs.