乌鲁木齐地区河、库、污水中重金属的化学形态与污染特征

水休中重金属元素的生态效应和运动规律与其存在的形态密切相关。本文研究了该地区主要水系乌鲁木齐河中下游、头屯河、水磨河及位于四宫的乌市排污水中重金属Cd、Zn、Pb和Cu的物理化学形态及其分布特征。应用UV照射分离有机物,ASV法测定,获4元素的总量、悬浮颗粒态、溶解态及溶解态中不稳定态、稳定无机态和稳定有机态的含量。并对这些形态的形成、分配比和分布进行了分析讨论。

Chemical Speciation and Pollution of Heavy Metals in Rivers, Reservoirs and Waste Water in Urumqi Area

A research on physico-chemical speciation and characteristics of pollution of heavy metals Cd, Zn, Pb and C'J in certain water bodies in Urumqi area was carried out with a view of developing water resource as well as evaluating water quality in this area. The physico-chemical speciation of the heavy metals in water samples were determined by means of ASV technique. The main results are as follows: (1) The Urumqi River and Toutun River were slightly polluted and the Shuimo River and waster water were seriously polluted. However, most of the heavy metals existed in the form of suspended particulates and dissolved heavy metal levels were close to the normal levels of unpolluted fresh water. (2) Environmental conditions such as pH, DOC, IS and proportions of suspended particulates of the heavy metals have a profound effect upon the chemical forms of the dissolved metals. In general, the labile forms for Cd, Zn and Pb were dominant in unpolluted or slightly polluted waters, whereas in more polluted waters, along with the increase in processes like adsorption and complexing, their stable forms became more and more important. While for Cu, the major forms were sabstances associated with organic matter in most of the water bodies studied.