柴油/CNG公交车排放颗粒物粒径分布特征隧道实测研究

对澳洲某公路隧道中段和名义入口段进行连续4d的超细颗粒物实测,通过数据分析发现隧道内柴油公交车和CNG公交车混合排放的颗粒物日平均粒径呈双峰模态分布.采用多元回归法分别计算柴油公交车和CNG公交车颗粒物数浓度粒径谱排放因子,发现柴油车/CNG颗粒物排放分别呈积聚态单峰分布和核模态单峰分布.对隧道内机动车颗粒物排放每30min平均粒径分布进行核模态和积聚模态的对数正态分布曲线拟合分解,90组粒径分布叠加拟合曲线与实测结果的拟合度为0.972～0.998.采用髭须图对柴油车和CNG车颗粒物排放特征做统计分析发现,柴油公交车颗粒物排放呈积聚模态下的对数正态分布,其峰值粒径74.5～86.5nm,该对数正态分布的几何标准差1.88～2.05.CNG公交车呈核模态的对数正态分布,峰值粒径19.9～22.9nm,几何标准差为1.27～1.3.

Quantitative Study of Diesel/CNG Buses Exhaust Particulate Size Distribution in a Road Tunnel

Vehicle emission is one of main sources of fine/ultra-fine particles in many cities. This study firstly presents daily mean particle size distributions of mixed diesel/CNG buses traffic flow by 4 days consecutive real world measurement in an Australia road tunnel. Emission factors (EFs) of particle size distribution of diesel buses and CNG buses are obtained by MLR methods, particle distributions of diesel buses and CNG buses are observed as single accumulation mode and nuclei-mode separately. Particle size distributions of mixed traffic flow are decomposed by two log-normal fitting curves for each 30 min interval mean scans, the degrees of fitting between combined fitting curves and corresponding in-situ scans for totally 90 fitting scans are from 0.972 to 0.998. Finally particle size distributions of diesel buses and CNG buses are quantified by statistical whisker-box charts. For log-normal particle size distribution of diesel buses, accumulation mode diameters are 74.5-86.5 nm, geometric standard deviations are 1.88-2.05. As to log-normal particle size distribution of CNG buses, nuclei-mode diameters are 19.9-22.9 nm, geometric standard deviations are 1.27-1.3.