北京市大气颗粒物中多环芳烃(PAHs)污染特征

对北京市2003-09～2004-07的10个月空气中的TSP样品进行了连续采样,周期为1次/周.分析了15种3～7环的PAHs,其中以4～5环为主.∑PAHs浓度及BaP的最大值分别达到705 ng/m³和52 ng/m³;春夏秋冬4季∑PAHs的平均浓度分别为46 ng/m³,16 ng/m³,52 ng/m³,268 ng/m³;BaP的4季平均浓度分别为2.8ng/m³,0.23 ng/m³,3.3 ng/m³,16ng/m³;采暖期∑PAHs平均浓度为非采暖期的9.5倍.在所分析的3种气象条件中,降水能够明显降低PAHs的浓度;非采暖期的PAHs浓度随温度的升高而降低,采暖期的浓度与温度没有明显的相关性;采暖期风速水平的增加会导致PAHs浓度的下降,而非采暖期不同环数的PAHs和风速水平的关系各异,3环的PAHs浓度随风速水平增加而增加,4、5环的PAHs浓度变化不大,6、7环PAHs随风速水平的增加而浓度下降.

Characteristics of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons(PAHs) on Airborne Particulates in Beijing

Total suspended particulates (TSP) samples were collected from Sep., 2003 to Jul., 2004 in Beijing, and 15 kinds of PAHs, ranging from 3 to 7 rings were analyzed. The maximum concentrations sigma PAHs and BaP were 705 ng/m3 and 52 ng/m3 respectively. Average sigma PAHs concentrations in four seasons were 46 ng/m3, 16 ng/m3, 52 ng/m3 and 268 ng/m3 respectively; and the average BaP concentrations in four seasons were 2.8 ng/m3, 0.23 ng/m3, 3.3 ng/m3, 16 ng/m3 respectively. Regarding to the meteorological parameters, precipitation distinctly lowered the concentration; in heating period, PAHs concentrations fall with the temperature goes up, but there is no obvious relation between concentration and temperature in non-heating period; the increase of wind speed level causes the decrease of PAH concentrations in the heating period, but relation between PAH concentrations and wind speed varied with aromatic rings of PAHs and levels of wind speed in the non-heating period.