青岛大气颗粒物数浓度变化及对能见度的影响

为研究青岛地面大气颗粒物数浓度的变化及对能见度的影响,2010年9月~2011年8月使用便携式light house激光粒子计数器进行了大气颗粒物数浓度观测,利用Hysplit模式计算大气颗粒物的后向轨迹,运用统计分析方法初步探讨了气象因子对大气颗粒物数浓度和能见度的影响.结果表明,青岛大气颗粒物数浓度冬春最高,秋季次之,夏季最低;源自新疆、甘肃一带的气团颗粒物数浓度偏高,而来自于东北方向及海上的大气颗粒物数浓度较低;大气颗粒物数浓度变化与风速、相对湿度和混合层高度的变化呈现较好的负相关关系.当气团来源于西或西北方向,地面风向为南到东南风且混合层高度较低时,细粒子数浓度较高,容易出现低能见度现象.

Variation of Atmospheric Particle Number Concentrations in Qingdao and Its Impact on Visibility

Atmospheric particle number concentrations were measured from September 2010 to August 2011 with potable light house laser particle counter to study the variation of atmospheric particle concentrations and its impact on visibility in Qingdao. Backward trajectory was calculated by Hysplit model. Statistical analysis was done to discuss the influence of meteorological factors on the atmospheric particle number concentrations and visibility. It was shown that the atmospheric particle number concentrations were the highest in winter and spring, followed by autumn, and the lowest in summer. Air mass from Xinjiang and Gansu regions resulted in higher particle concentrations, while the atmospheric particles from the northeast and the ocean had lower concentrations. The variation of atmospheric particle number concentrations presented a good negative correlation with the variation of wind speed, relative humidity and mixed-layer height. When the air mass came from west or northwest, the surface wind direction was south or southeast and the mixed-layer height was low, the number concentration of fine particles was likely to be higher, which tended to cause low visibility phenomenon.