挥发性有机物污染场地挖掘过程中污染扩散特征

我国城市工业污染场地主要受挥发性及半挥发性有机污染物(VOCs/SVOCs)的污染.挥发性有机污染物挥发性大,在环境中容易迁移,土壤被挖掘和扰动时,土壤中VOCs很容易形成短时间内的相对较高浓度释放;如果施工人员没有进行适当防护,极易产生健康危害.本研究通过现场快速监测与采样管采样技术相结合,研究污染场地修复开挖过程中气态污染物的分布规律.监测结果表明,在场地开挖的主导风向上,气态污染物浓度分布随距离而下降,并呈现波峰和波谷交替出现的特征.监测结果可以用多个高斯烟团的叠加来拟合.本研究结合工业场所职业健康与安全有关限值,推导污染土壤修复开挖现场安全区域划分的方法,并提出相应分区的个人安全防护响应措施.

Characteristics of Gaseous Pollutants Distribution During Remedial Excavation at a Volatile Organic Compound Contaminated Site

Volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds (VOCs/SVOCs) are commonly identified contaminants in industrial contaminated sites in China. VOCs migrate easily in the environment due to their relatively high volatilities. When disturbed during excavation, for example, VOCs in the soil release to the air in high concentrations within relatively short period of time, joepodizing the health of the sorrounding population, if not appropriately protected. In this study, distribution of gas phase VOCs was monitored during excavation of a site remediation project, using a combined method of field testing instrument and gas phase sampling tubes. Monitoring results indicated that gas phase concentration decreased with distance, exhibiting an alternating peak-and-valley pattern in the down-wind direction. The monitoring results could be stimulated using Gaussian Puff Model. Remediation site health and safety zoning method was developed combining appropriate workplace health and safety air limits and site monitoring results. Personal protection measures deemed appropriated for each safety zone were proposed.