重庆市大气二(口恶)英污染水平及季节变化

一年内分季节对重庆市不同功能区大气中二英(PCDD/Fs)污染情况进行了监测研究.结果表明,重庆市大气中PCDD/Fs浓度范围和平均值(以TEQ计)分别为0.017~0.21 pg·m-3和(0.094±0.054)pg·m-3.PCDD/Fs污染水平区域分布和季节变化明显,分别为:商住区>郊区>对照点,冬季>春季>秋季>夏季.其中,冬季时大气中的二英浓度约为夏季时的2.2~4.6倍.主成分分析结果显示,PCDD/Fs同系物分布特征季节变化明显:冬、春季时主要表现为颗粒相中的分布特征,夏、秋季节则主要表现为气相中的.相关性分析表明,PCDD/Fs异构体质量浓度与SO2、NO2、PM10和TSP等常规参数含量大都呈显著正相关,与O3则呈负相关,但未达显著性水平.这表明,重庆大气PCDD/Fs的空间分布和季节变化与SO2、NO2、PM10和TSP等环境空气质量常规指标的分布情况基本一致,重庆大气PCDD/Fs污染与常规污染物的排放源密切相关.

Concentrations of PCDD/Fs in the Atmosphere of Chongqing City and Its Seasonal Variation

As a comprehensive monitoring survey on polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) in Chongqing, 20 ambient air samples taken from 5 locations in four seasons were studied. The PCDD/F TEQ concentrations varied from 0.017 pg·m^-3 to 0.21 pg·m^-3. The average value was (0.094±0.054) pg·m^-3. The PCDD/F concentrations varied by locations and seasons, and the orders were: urban area>suburban area>background area,and Winter>Spring>Autumn>Summer. The concentrations of PCDD/Fs were 2.2-4.6 times higher in the winter than during the summer. The PCA results indicated that PCDD/F homologue pattern varied by seasons. The PCDD/F homologue pattern in particle dominated in winter and spring, and the pattern in gas dominated in summer and autumn. The mass concentration of PCDD/F congener was significantly positively correlated with that of SO₂, NO₂, PM₁₀ and TSP, and insignificantly negatively correlated with that of O₃,respectively. The results showed that spatial distribution and seasonal variation of atmospheric PCDD/Fs in Chongqing was consistent with that of these conventional indicators, and the PCDD/Fs pollution was closely related with the emission sources of SO₂, NO₂, PM₁₀ and TSP.