川中丘陵县域土壤氮素空间分布特征及其影响因素

根据四川仁寿县555个表层土壤样点数据,采用地统计学和回归分析方法,对该区土壤全氮和碱解氮的空间变异特征进行分析,并探讨了不同因素对其空间变异的影响程度.结果表明,研究区土壤全氮(TN)含量在0.34~2.57 g·kg-1之间,平均值为1.12 g·kg-1,处于中等水平;碱解氮(AN)含量在25.86~184.17 mg·kg-1范围内,平均值为74.35 mg·kg-1,处于较缺乏水平.土壤TN和AN的块金效应分别为0.608和0.790,TN具有中等空间相关性,受结构因素与随机因素共同影响,而AN则主要受随机因素影响.空间上,TN和碱解氮均表现出北高南低趋势.成土母质可独立解释6.3%和1.0%的TN和AN空间变异;土壤类型对研究区TN和AN的空间变异的独立解释能力分别在26.5%~36.1%和27.7%~28.7%之间;地形条件对TN、AN空间变异的独立解释能力分别为5.5%、6.1%;土地利用方式对TN、AN空间变异的独立解释能力分别为37.7%、40.0%.土地利用方式对氮素空间变异的独立解释能力最高,是引起研究区土壤氮素空间变异最主要的因素.

Spatial Variability of Soil Nitrogen and Related Affecting Factors at a County Scale in Hilly Area of Mid-Sichuan Basin

Spatial distribution characteristics of soil total nitrogen (TN) and available nitrogen (AN) were analyzed by using geostatistical methods and the effects of the influencing factors were quantified by regression analysis based on 555 soil samples collected in RenShou county. The results showed that the contents of soil TN ranged from 0.34-2.57 g·kg^-1 with a mean value of 1.12 g·kg^-1, which indicated the TN of the study area was at a medium level, and AN ranged from 25.86-184.17 mg·kg^-1 with a mean value of 74.35 mg·kg^-1, which indicated the AN of the study area was low. The values of the nugget to sill ratio were 0.608 and 0.790 respectively, which suggestd TN had moderate spatial dependence, which was determined by the co-effects of structural and random factors, while AN was mainly affected by random factors. The contents of TN and AN in north area were much higher than those of south area and distribution of Patchy. The soil parent materials were able to explain 6.3% and 1.0% of TN and AN spatial variability. Soil types explained 26.5%-36.1% of TN variability and 27.7%-28.7% of AN variability. Topographical factors explained 5.5% of TN variability and 6.1% of AN variability, the structural factors of soil types reflected spatial variability of nitrogen in the study area. The randomness factors of land use types explained 37.7% of TN variability and 40.0% of AN variability that were much larger than the other factors, which suggested land use had the higherst independent explaining capacity for nitrogen spatial variability among those influence factors and land use type was the main factor to accurately predict the spatial distribution of soil nitrogen in the hilly area of Middle Sichuan Basin.