四川省典型行业挥发性有机物源成分谱

本研究选取了四川省汽车制造、木制家具、人造板制造、涂料生产和合成树脂生产等挥发性有机物(VOCs)排放源典型行业,通过GC-MS国标方法分析各环节有组织排放的VOCs组分,采用排放总量归一化法处理,获取了四川省汽车制造等典型行业挥发性有机物的成分谱.结果表明,汽车整车制造、木制家具和油性涂料生产企业的VOCs主要组分为芳香烃和含氧化合物,占总VOCs的70%以上,汽车零部件制造企业排放物种主要为芳香烃,其占比达90%以上.人造板制造业含氧化合物占比达97%,其中甲醛占比为75%,其次为异丙醇、丙酮等物质.合成树脂行业芳香烃、烯烃占比较高,占比之和达80%以上,其中烯烃物种主要为1,3-丁二烯和1-丁烯.不同行业排放物种虽存在一定差异,但主要以芳香烃和含氧化合物为主,因此,应加强对芳香烃和含氧化合物等浓度高、活性高、毒性大的组分进行识别和控制,采取源头、过程和末端全过程控制,达到总量减排的效果.

Source Composition Spectrum of Volatile Organic Compounds in Typical Industries in Sichuan

In this study, typical industries that act as sources of volatile organic compound (VOCs) emission in Sichuan, including automobile manufacturing, wooden furniture, wood-based panel manufacturing, and paint production, were selected and GC-MS national standard analysis to study the organized emission VOC components of every procedure. The spectra of VOCs in the automobile industry were obtained by means of total emission normalization. The results showed that the VOC components of automobile manufacturing, wooden furniture, and oil paint manufacturing enterprises were mainly aromatic hydrocarbons and oxygen-containing compounds, accounting for more than 70% of total VOCs; the emissions from automobile part manufacturing enterprises were mainly aromatic hydrocarbons, with a ratio of over 90%. The proportion of oxygen-containing compounds in the wood-based panel manufacturing industry was found to be up to 97%, mainly caused by the emission of formaldehyde, which accounts for 75%, followed by isopropanol, acetone, and other substances. The proportion of aromatic hydrocarbon and olefin in synthetic resin enterprises is relatively high at over 80%. The olefin species are mainly 1,3-butadiene and 1-butene. Although there are some differences in emission species between different industries, they are mainly composed of aromatic hydrocarbons and oxygenates. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the identification and control of components with high concentration, activity, and toxicity for aromatic hydrocarbons and oxygenates. The source, process, and end process control should be monitored to achieve the effect of total emission reduction.