淮南煤矿区地表水和地下水水化学特征及控制因素

为厘清淮南矿区地表水和地下水水化学特征和控制因素，采集115组地下水和30组地表水样品，基于数理统计、 Piper三线图、 Gibbs图、矿物稳定场图和离子比例系数等方法，分析了淮南煤矿区地表水和地下水的水文地球化学特征，研究了其水化学特征演变规律.结果表明，淮南煤矿区地下水和地表水呈弱碱性，地表水和地下水中优势阴阳离子为HCO^-₃、 Ca⁺和Na⁺.HCO₃-Ca型和HCO₃-Ca·Na·Mg型为地表水和地下水的主要水化学类型.地下水和地表水的水化学特征主要受岩石风化作用控制，阳离子交替吸附和蒸发对其有一定的促进作用.水岩作用以硅酸盐和碳酸盐矿物的溶解为主，碳酸盐岩的溶解制约Ca²⁺、 Mg²⁺和HCO^-₃等离子的变化.地表水和地下水中Cl^-、 SO₄^2-、 NO^-₃

Hydrochemical Characteristics and Control Factors of Surface Water and Groundwater in Huainan Coal Mine Area

To clarify the hydrochemical characteristics and control factors of surface and underground water in Huainan mining area, 115 groups of groundwater and 30 groups of surface water samples were collected, and the hydrogeochemical characteristics of surface water and groundwater in Huainan mining area were analyzed. Additionally, the hydrochemistry evolution law was discussed by comprehensively using mathematical statistics, the Piper triangular diagram, Gibbs diagram, mineral stability field diagram, and ion ratio relationship, etc. The results showed that the groundwater and surface water in the study area were weakly alkaline, the dominant anion was HCO₃^-, and the dominant cations were Ca⁺ and Na⁺. The hydrochemical types of groundwater and surface water were dominated by HCO₃-Ca type and HCO₃-Ca·Na·Mg type, respectively. The hydrochemical composition of groundwater and surface water was mainly controlled by rock weathering, as well as by alternating adsorption of cations and evaporation concentration. Silicate and carbonate minerals were mainly dissolved in the water-rock interaction. The main ions such as Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, and HCO₃^- came from the dissolution of carbonate rocks. The Cl^-, SO₄^2-, NO₃^-, and Ca²⁺ were affected by exogenous inputs caused by human activities. The chemical components of groundwater and surface water in Huainan coal mining area were affected by water-rock interactions and human activities, and groundwater was greatly affected by human activities.