不同土壤-小麦体系中铅镉交互作用与转运特征

选用海伦黑土、咸宁棕红壤和长武黑垆土这3种土壤，分别设置4组不同含量配比的Pb和Cd复合处理，进行为期5个月的小麦种植(郑麦9023号)盆栽试验，结合小麦植株各部位Pb和Cd含量，分析3种土壤-小麦体系中Pb和Cd交互作用对小麦富集转运重金属的影响.结果表明，低pH棕红壤水溶态Cd和Pb含量最高，且土壤颗粒表面Pb和Cd交互作用显著，高有机质黑土及高碳酸钙含量的黑垆土中Cd和Pb活性较低.3种土壤中黑垆土种植小麦的株高和干重表现最差，但Pb和Cd复合作用使其株高较对照增加了2.68～8.49 cm, Pb和Cd交互作用对黑土中小麦的株高和干重影响最小，但抑制了棕红壤中小麦生长.3种土壤-小麦体系的Pb和Cd交互作用差异较大，棕红壤中Pb和Cd间存在协同作用，125 mg·kg^-1和250 mg·kg^-1Pb处理下棕红壤种植的小麦籽粒Pb含量随Cd添加量升高分别显著增加73.2%和19.1%;黑土中Pb和Cd间存在拮抗作用，0.3 mg·kg^-1和0.6 mg·kg^-1 Cd处理下黑土中小麦籽粒Cd含...

Interaction and Transport Characteristics of Lead and Cadmium in Different Soil-wheat Systems

In this study, four groups of lead(Pb) and cadmium(Cd) combined treatments with different concentration ratios were set up in Hailun black soil, Xianning brown-red soil, and Changwu Heilu soil, and wheat(Zhengmai 9023) was planted for a five-month pot experiment to analyze the Pb-Cd interaction behavior on heavy metal bioaccumulation in wheat under three soil-wheat systems. The low pH brown-red soil had the highest water-soluble Cd and Pb contents with significant Pb-Cd interactions in the soil, whereas the black soil with high organic matter and Heilu soil with high calcium carbonate content exhibited lower Cd and Pb activities. Among the three soils, wheat height and dry weight showed the poorest growth performance in the Heilu soil, but the wheat height increased by 2.68-8.49 cm compared with that in the control under the Pb-Cd combined treatment, whereas Pb-Cd interaction had the least effect on wheat height and dry weight in black soil and inhibited the growth of wheat in the brown-red soil. In the transport process of Cd or Pb in wheat, Pb-Cd interaction showed quite different effects in the three soil-wheat systems. Under the 125 mg·kg^-1 and 250 mg·kg^-1 Pb treatments, the Pb content in wheat grain planted in brown-red soil significantly increased by 73.2% and 19.1% with the addition of Cd, respectively, and therefore there was a synergistic effect between Pb and Cd. Under the 0.3 mg·kg^-1 and 0.6 mg·kg^-1 Cd treatments, the Cd content in wheat grains planted in black soil decreased by 51% and 33% with the addition of Pb, respectively; therefore, there was an antagonist effect between Pb and Cd. In the Heilu soil, a synergistic effect of Cd on Pb transport in wheat leaves was only observed under high Pb treatment. Therefore, pH and organic matter content were the key factors that determined the interaction behavior of Pb and Cd. The wheat food security risk of Pb and Cd combined pollution was higher than that of single metal pollution in acidic brown-red soil and lower in high organic matter black soil, whereas the interaction of Pb and Cd had little impact on the wheat food security risk of alkaline Heilu soil.