福建省敖江下游抗生素抗性基因分布特征

河流流域的下游往往是各种大小城镇聚集之处,快速城市化等人类活动导致了城市河流环境剧烈改变.抗生素抗性基因是一种新型污染物,城市河流中抗生素抗性基因的传播和富集可能对城市人口健康和城市生态安全造成潜在的危害.本研究采用高通量定量PCR技术,研究福建省连江县城区上游、城区下游和河流入海口这3个采样点的抗生素抗性基因污染情况和分布特征.结果表明:(1)敖江流域连江县城区下游河流抗生素抗性基因丰度达到了3.9×10~(10)copies·L~(-1),显著高于城区上游和河流入海口的丰度(P0.05);(2)城区下游检测出了129种抗生素抗性基因,显著高于城区上游检测出的79种,而河流入海口的抗性基因种类仍然高达118种,表明河流水体环境中抗生素抗性基因一旦出现,就很难自然消减;(3)城市河流环境是抗生素抗性基因的一个重要存储库.

Characteristics of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Downstream Areas of the Aojiang River, Fujian Province

Many cities are located in the downstream areas of rivers. Rapid urbanization may result in drastic changes in the urban river ecosystem. Antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs) are considered to be emerging environmental pollutants, which may do harm to the health of humans and may pose a potential risk for urban ecological safety by the dissemination and enrichment of ARGs in urban rivers. In this study, a high-throughput quantitative PCR technique was used to investigate the diversity and abundance of ARGs at three sites in Lianjiang County and the estuary of the Aojiang River, Fujian Province. The results show the abundance of ARGs in the downstream urban area of Lianjiang County (3.9×10¹⁰ copies·L^-1) is significantly higher than upstream of the urban area and the estuary of the Aojiang River. A total of 129 ARGs are detected in the downstream urban area, which is higher than in the upstream and the estuary. The results also suggest that ARGs are persistent and not easy to reduce in the natural river following the occurrence of ARGs and indicated that the urban river is an important reservoir of ARGs.